Schematic illustrates the study designs. (a) The mice were adapted for 7 days. Thereafter, BCAS was produced, and the hippocampal tissues were collected 30 min, 3 h, 6 h, and 24 h later. (b) The mice were adapted for 7 days. The mice in Rg1 groups received low, medium, and high doses of Rg1 for 14 consecutive days (one injection per day). Seven days after administration of Rg1, BCAS was produced in the mice. (c) The mice were adapted for 7 days. The mice in the Rg1 group received HRg1 for 14 consecutive days (one injection per day). Seven days after administration of Rg1, BCAS was produced in the mice. In the G1 and G15 groups, the mice received BCAS followed by G1 and G15, respectively. After treatments, Morris water maze was conducted. After the behavioral tests, the animals were decapitated following anesthesia with isoflurane (5%) and the hippocampi were collected.