Table 4.
Determinants of Tuberculosis Infection Among People Living with HIV After ART Initiation (n = 171)
| Characteristics | Cases, n (%) | Controls, n (%) | cOR | aOR |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Previous TB history | ||||
| Yes | 12 (21.1) | 4 (3.5) | 2.744 (1.454–5.180) | 4.861 (0.882–26.788) |
| No | 45 (78.9) | 110 (96.5) | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Baseline functional status | ||||
| Working | 43 (75.4) | 105 (92.1) | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Ambulatory | 12 (21.1) | 8 (7.0) | 3.243 (1.269–8.288) | 0.963 (0.163–5.692) |
| Bedridden | 2 (3.5) | 1 (0.9) | 4.00 (0.363–44.133) | 0.772 (0.026–22.915) |
| Baseline WHO stage | ||||
| I/II | 48 (84.2 | 111 (97.4) | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| III/ IV | 9 (15.8) | 3 (2.6) | 8.293 (1.77–38.693) | 1.747 (0.198–15.415) |
| Baseline Hgb | ||||
| <10g/dl | 11 (19.3) | 7 (6.1) | 1.857 (1.125–3.064) | 0.681 (0.131–3.531) |
| >10g/dl | 46 (80.7) | 107 (93.9) | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| BMI | ||||
| <18.5 | 24 (42.1) | 31 (27.2) | 1.414 (0.998–2.004) | 1.915 (0.678–5.411) |
| >18.5 | 33 (57.9) | 83 (72.8) | 1.00 | 1:00 |
| Took IPT Prophylaxis | ||||
| Yes | 9 (15.8) | 42 (36.8) | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| No | 48 (84.2) | 72 (63.2 | 3.415 (1.437–8.118) | 1.340 (0.404–4.448) |
| CD4 | ||||
| <200 | 39 (68.4) | 45 (39.5) | 1.796 (1.273–2.54) | 2.358 (0.948–5.865) |
| >200 | 18 (31.6) | 69 (60.5 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Months ART has taken | ||||
| <12 Months | 30 (52.6) | 8 (7.0) | 28.391 (7.705–104.612) | 5.925 (2.649–13.250) |
| 13–36 Months | 15 (26.3) | 25 (21.9) | 3.876 (1.416–10.609) | 0.809 (0.423–1.545) |
| >36 Months | 12 (21.1) | 8171.1) | 1.00 | 1.00 |
Abbreviations: ART, anti-retroviral treatment; BMI, body mass index; Hgb, hemoglobin; TB, tuberculosis; WHO, World Health Organization; IPT, isoniazid preventive treatment.