Table 4.
Factors to predict prevalence of smoking-related and amphetamine prevalence.
| Tobacco smoking |
Marijuana smoking |
Amphetamine (lifetime) |
|||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR | CI95 | Z | OR | CI95 | Z | OR | CI95 | Z | |
| Continent (ref. = Asia) | |||||||||
| Africa | 1.00 | 0.97, 1.04 | 0.10 | 1.03 | 0.98, 1.09 | 1.08 | 1.04 | 0.99, 1.10 | 1.53 |
| America | 0.96 | 0.92, 1.01 | −1.47 | 1.07 | 0.99, 1.14 | 1.79 | 1.00 | 0.93, 1.06 | −0.13 |
| Oceania | 1.08 | 1.03, 1.14 | 3.10** | 1.07 | 0.99, 1.15 | 1.74 | 1.10 | 1.03, 1.19 | 2.65** |
| Income level | 1.01 | 1.00, 1.03 | 1.71 | 1.02 | 1.00, 1.04 | 2.12* | 1.01 | 0.99, 1.03 | 1.28 |
| Health expenditure | 1.01 | 0.99, 1.02 | 0.78 | 0.99 | 0.98, 1.01 | −0.58 | 1.00 | 0.98, 1.02 | −0.08 |
| Urbanicity | 1.01 | 0.99, 1.02 | 0.98 | 0.97 | 0.95, 0.99 | −2.52* | 0.98 | 0.96, 1.01 | −1.39 |
| Religion (ref. = Christian) | |||||||||
| Muslim | 0.99 | 0.95, 1.02 | −0.83 | 0.99 | 0.93, 1.04 | −0.47 | 1.02 | 0.96, 1.07 | 0.54 |
| Other | 0.98 | 0.94, 1.02 | −0.87 | 0.97 | 0.91, 1.03 | −0.91 | 0.99 | 0.93, 1.05 | −0.31 |
| R2 | 0.29 | 0.28 | 0.24 | ||||||
Note. The outcome was the country-specific prevalence, under loglinear transformation.
OR = Odds ratio. CI95 = 95% confidence interval for the OR. Z = Z-based contrast test. GNI = Gross national income per capita.
* p < .05; ** p < .01.