Table 2.
Unadjusted prevalence of primary and secondary outcomes among VA outpatients with unhealthy alcohol use (AUDIT-C ≥ 5): Overall and compared between transgender and non-transgender patients
| Transgender | Non-Transgender | p-value | Total | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | (%) | N | (%) | N | (%) | |||||
| PRIMARY OUTCOMES | ||||||||||
| All patients with unhealthy alcohol use (AUDIT-C≥ 5) | (N=1,392) | (N=1,404,342) | (N=1,405,734) | |||||||
| Brief intervention within 0–14 days | 1,029 | (73.9) | 1,038,448 | (74.0) | 0.984 | 1,039,477 | (74.0) | |||
| AUD specialty addictions treatment | 283 | (20.3) | 158,580 | (11.3) | <0.001 | 158,863 | (11.3) | |||
| Any AUD medicationsa | 363 | (26.1) | 230,367 | (16.4) | <0.001 | 230,730 | (16.4) | |||
| Any alcohol-related careb | 1,170 | (84.1) | 1,134,399 | (80.8) | 0.002 | 1,135,569 | (80.8) | |||
| All patients with unhealthy alcohol use and prior-year AUD diagnosis | (N=642) | (N=520,477) | (N=521,119) | |||||||
| Brief intervention within 0–14 days | 468 | (72.9) | 387,345 | (74.4) | 0.376 | 387,813 | (74.4) | |||
| AUD specialty addictions treatment | 234 | (36.5) | 131,984 | (25.4) | <0.001 | 132,218 | (25.4) | |||
| Any AUD medicationsa | 214 | (33.3) | 123,840 | (23.8) | <0.001 | 124,054 | (23.8) | |||
| Any alcohol-related careb | 565 | (88.0) | 448,341 | (86.1) | 0.171 | 448,906 | (86.1) | |||
| SECONDARY OUTCOMES | ||||||||||
| All patients with unhealthy alcohol use (AUDIT-C≥ 5) | (N=1,392) | (N=1,404,342) | (N=1,405,734) | |||||||
| Brief intervention within 1 year | 1,200 | (86.2) | 1,182,211 | (84.2) | 0.039 | 1,183,411 | (84.2) | |||
| FDA-approved AUD medicationsc | 107 | (7.7) | 46,506 | (3.3) | <0.001 | 46,613 | (3.3) | |||
| Individual AUD medications | ||||||||||
| Acamprosate | 15 | (1.1) | 7,199 | (0.5) | 0.003 | 7,214 | (0.5) | |||
| Disulfiram | 14 | (1.0) | 6,750 | (0.5) | 0.005 | 6,764 | (0.5) | |||
| Oral naltrexone | 78 | (5.7) | 32,761 | (2.3) | <0.001 | 32,839 | (2.3) | |||
| Injectable naltrexone | 11 | (0.8) | 3,505 | (0.3) | <0.001 | 3,516 | (0.3) | |||
| Topiramate | 42 | (3.0) | 20,999 | (1.5) | <0.001 | 21,041 | (1.50) | |||
| Gabapentin | 245 | (17.6) | 168,978 | (12.0) | <0.001 | 169,223 | (12.0) | |||
| Baclofen | 39 | (2.8) | 28,403 | (2.0) | 0.039 | 28,442 | (2.0) | |||
| All patients with unhealthy alcohol use and prior-year AUD diagnosis | (N=642) | (N=520,477) | (N=521,119) | |||||||
| Brief intervention within 1 year | 558 | (86.9) | 444,157 | (85.3) | 0.258 | 444,715 | (85.3) | |||
| FDA-approved AUD medicationsc | 90 | (14.0) | 39,084 | (7.5) | <0.001 | 39,174 | (7.5) | |||
| Individual AUD medications | ||||||||||
| Acamprosate | 14 | (2.2) | 6,265 | (1.2) | 0.023 | 6,279 | (1.2) | |||
| Disulfiram | 13 | (2.0) | 5,892 | (1.1) | 0.033 | 5,905 | (1.1) | |||
| Oral naltrexone | 63 | (9.8) | 27,176 | (5.2) | <0.001 | 27,239 | (5.2) | |||
| Injectable naltrexone | 10 | (1.6) | 3,066 | (0.6) | 0.001 | 3,076 | (0.6) | |||
| Topiramate | 17 | (2.7) | 10,620 | (2.0) | 0.277 | 10,637 | (2.0) | |||
| Gabapentin | 134 | (20.9) | 85,474 | (16.4) | 0.002 | 85,608 | (16.4) | |||
| Baclofen | 21 | (3.3) | 12,773 | (2.5) | 0.181 | 12,794 | (2.5) | |||
AUD, alcohol use disorder; AUDIT-C, Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Consumption; FDA, U.S. Food and Drug Administration; VA, Veterans Health Administration
a
Includes acamprosate, disulfiram, oral and injectable naltrexone, topiramate, gabapentin, and baclofen
b
Includes brief intervention within 14 days, specialty addictions treatment, and any AUD medications
c
Includes only FDA-approved medications: acamprosate, disulfiram, topiramate, oral and injectable naltrexone