Table 1.
Sleep variable | Sleep health dimension | Measure | Dichotomization rule (coded as ‘1’) | Sample prevalence of favorability (‘1’). n (%) | Abbreviation |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
| |||||
Midpoint variability (sd, min)d | Regularityd | Actigraphy | <30 minutes | 157 (21.4%) | MPsd |
Duration variability (sd, min)f | Regularity | Actigraphy | <60 minutes | 271 (36.9%) | TSTsd |
Quality (WHIIRS Likert subscale; higher is increasing complaints)d | Satisfactiond | Questionnaire | “Sound and restful” or “very sound or restful” | 267 (36.3%) | Quality |
Sleepinessd | Alertnessd | Questionnaire | ≤10 | 617 (83.9%) | ESS |
Timing (midpoint)b,d | Timingd | Actigraphy | 02:00–04:00b | 466 (63.4%) | Timing |
Sleep maintenance efficiency (%)d | Efficiencyd | Actigraphy | >90% | 524 (71.3%) | SME |
Fragmentation Indexc | Efficiency | Actigraphy | ≤15a | 199 (27.1%) | FI |
Wake after sleep onset (min)f | Efficiency | Actigraphy | ≤20 minutes | 50 (6.8%) | WASO |
Total sleep timeb,d (min) | Durationd | Actigraphy | 6–8 hoursb | 461 (62.7%) | TST |
%Rb,e | Architecture | PSG | 21%–30%b | 251 (34.1%) | % R |
%N3b,e | Architecture | PSG | 16%-20%b (50) | 84 (11.4%) | % N3 |
Apnea-Hypopnea Index (events/hr)e | Obstructive sleep apnea | PSG | ≤15 events/hr | 354 (48.2%) | AHI |
Sleep onset latency (difficulties initiating sleep – WHIIRS subscale)f | Wake-sleep transition | Questionnaire | “Less than once a week” or “no, not in the past 4 weeks” | 476 (64.8%) | DIS |
Sleep onset latency (min)g | Wake-sleep transition | Actigraphy | - | SOLact |
WHIIRS: Women’s Health Initiative Insomnia Rating Scale. PSG: polysomnography. MPsd: midpoint standard deviation. TSTsd: total sleep time standard deviation. FI: the Fragmentation Index. TST: total sleep time. % N3: % non-rapid eye movement, stage 3 sleep. SME: sleep maintenance efficiency. AHI: the Apnea-Hypopnea Index. ESS: Epworth Sleepiness Scale. WASO: wake after sleep onset. % R: % rapid eye movement sleep.
These dimensions have optimal ranges in which overexpression of this dimension is considered problematic.
The cut-point for FI was defined as the nearest whole number to the most favorable quartile (lowest quartile).
Variables used in our operationalization of canonical Ru SATED (PC1)
In addition to Ru SATED (PC1), variables used in Ru SATED + OSA/Architecture (PC1)
In addition to Ru SATED + OSA/Architecture (PC1), variables used in the Sleep Health Score