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. 2021 Dec 10;18:287. doi: 10.1186/s12974-021-02342-5

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

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Fig. 12 — The effects of SRT1720 and EX527 on microglial activation and inflammatory responses. A, B, C, D Compared with the Sham group, the number of Iba1-immunoreactive cells increased, while the mean and total length of microglia processes decreased in NTG group. Compared with the NTG + vehicle group, the Iba1-immunoreactive cells markedly decreased, while the total and mean length were higher in NTG + SRT1720 group. There was a little difference in Iba1-immunoreactive cells, total and mean length between the NTG + vehicle and NTG + EX527 groups, without statistically significance. No significant difference was observed between the NTG and NTG + vehicle groups. E The expression of Iba1 and iNOS were both higher in the NTG group than in the Sham group. Compared with the NTG + vehicle group, the protein levels of Iba1 and iNOS were markedly decreased in the NTG + SRT1720 group. The Iba1 and iNOS expression levels were higher in the NTG + EX527 group than in the NTG + vehicle group. F, G, H Compared with the Sham group, the expression of TNF-α, MPO notably increased, and the expression of IL-10 decreased in NTG group. Compared with the NTG + vehicle group, the expression levels of TNF-α and MPO were lower, while the IL-10 level was higher in NTG + SRT1720 group. The expression of TNF-α and MPO were higher in NTG + EX527 group than that in the NTG + vehicle group, and the level of IL-10 decreased in NTG + EX527 group. There was no significant difference between the NTG and NTG + vehicle groups. (n = 6–8 in each group; *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01 and ****p < 0.0001 compared with the Sham group; #p < 0.05, ##p < 0.01, ###p < 0.001 and ####p < 0.0001 compared with the NTG + NC groups)