Table 3.
Pharmacokinetic parameters.
| Parameters | A | B | C |
|---|---|---|---|
| Free berberine | |||
| AUClast (pg/mL∗h) | 1057 ± 117 | 2544 ± 332∗ | 4146 ± 431∗§ |
| C max (pg/mL) | 69.95 ± 14.54 | 199.87 ± 26.97∗ | 375.57 ± 41.56∗§ |
| T max (h) | 4.55 ± 0.29 | 3.15 ± 0.30#∗ | 4.50 ± 0.30 |
| MRT (h) | 12.13 ± 0.19 | 9.16 ± 0.17∗ | 9.53 ± 0.26∗ |
|
| |||
| Total berberine | |||
| AUClast (pg/mL∗h) | 1217 ± 129 | 4952 ± 647∗ | 8212 ± 893∗§ |
| C max (pg/mL) | 76.70 ± 14.04 | 316.88 ± 26.60∗ | 572.14 ± 64.26∗§ |
| T max (h) | 3.59 ± 0.34 | 2.13 ± 0.33 | 3.10 ± 0.34 |
| MRT(h) | NC | NC | NC |
Results are expressed as mean ± S.E.M.; NC: not calculable. Statistical analysis was performed by one-way ANOVA, followed by Tukey's test. ∗p < 0.05 versus A, §p < 0.05 versus B, and #p < 0.05 versus C. Formulations: A: berberine chloride alone 500 mg (equivalent to 452 mg of berberine); B: BBR-PP 550 mg (equivalent to 188 mg of berberine) one film-coated tablet; C: BBR-PP 550 mg (equivalent to 188 mg berberine) two film-coated tablets. Twelve healthy volunteers of both sexes with a mean age of 29 ± 7.72 and a mean BMI of 23.09 ± 1.27 were enrolled.