Fig. 1.

Available PET tracers for imaging of pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma. Depicted are receptors of chromaffin cells used as targets for PET imaging (LAT large amino acid transporter, NET Norepinephrine transporter, SSTR Somatostatin receptor, GLUT = glucose transporter) and their tracers ([¹⁸F]-DOPA = [¹⁸F]-dihydroxyphenylalanine; [⁶⁸Ga]-DOTA-X = derivatives of [⁶⁸Ga]1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-tetraacetic acid, e.g., DOTATATE, DOTA-NOC, DOTA-TOC, [^99mTc] -HYNIC-TOC = [^99mTc]-hydrazinonicotinyl-Tyr3-octreotide, [¹⁸F]-FDG = , [¹⁸F]-Fluordesoxyglucose). The vesicular monoamine transporter (VMAT) transports catecholamines as norepinephrine (NE), epinephrine (EPI) and dopamine (DA) into secretory vesicles, from where they are released into the extracellular matrix. Reuptake or norepinephrine is mediated via the NET transporter. (

Adapted from Blanchet et al., 2011 [82])