Table 2.
Cox proportion hazard model analysis for death risk in gastric cancer patients in development cohort
| Variables | Univariate Cox regression | Multivariate Cox regression (Forward Stepwise: LR) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| β | HR | 95% CI | P | β | HR | 95% CI | P | |
| Age (years), (“< 70” as reference) | ||||||||
| 70 ~ | 0.291 | 1.34 | 1.04 ~ 1.72 | 0.024 | – | – | – | 0.917 |
| Sex, (“Male” as reference) | Not included | |||||||
| Female | −0.030 | 0.97 | 0.78 ~ 1.21 | 0.790 | ||||
| Synchronous or metachronous metastasis, (“Metachronous” as reference) | ||||||||
| Synchronous | 0.175 | 1.19 | 0.96 ~ 1.47 | 0.105 | – | – | – | 0.666 |
| Gastrectomy, (“None” as reference) | ||||||||
| Curative | −0.376 | 0.69 | 0.55 ~ 0.86 | 0.001 | – | – | – | 0.065 |
| Palliative | −0.103 | 0.90 | 0.63 ~ 1.30 | 0.578 | – | – | – | 0.634 |
| ECOG score, (“0 ~ 1” as reference) | ||||||||
| 2 ~ | 0.495 | 1.64 | 1.27 ~ 2.11 | < 0.001 | 0.322 | 1.38 | 1.05 ~ 1.81 | 0.021 |
| WHO histology (“Non-mucinous” as reference) | ||||||||
| Mucinous adenocarcinoma | 0.429 | 1.54 | 1.09 ~ 2.16 | 0.014 | 0.590 | 1.80 | 1.27 ~ 2.56 | 0.001 |
| Tumor grade, “G1–2” as reference | ||||||||
| G3–4 | 0.489 | 1.63 | 1.21 ~ 2.20 | 0.001 | – | – | – | 0.058 |
| Unknown | 0.390 | 1.48 | 1.05 ~ 2.07 | 0.024 | – | – | – | 0.499 |
| Metastatic to, (“Absent” as reference) | ||||||||
| Liver | 0.134 | 1.14 | 0.91 ~ 1.43 | 0.239 | – | – | – | 0.433 |
| Lung | −0.410 | 0.66 | 0.46 ~ 0.95 | 0.026 | – | – | – | 0.156 |
| Bone | 0.742 | 2.10 | 1.41 ~ 3.12 | < 0.001 | 0.561 | 1.75 | 1.16 ~ 2.66 | 0.008 |
| Distant lymph node | −0.091 | 0.91 | 0.74 ~ 1.13 | 0.395 | – | – | – | 0.922 |
| Peritoneal/Malignant ascites | 0.405 | 1.50 | 1.13 ~ 2.00 | 0.006 | 0.532 | 1.70 | 1.26 ~ 2.30 | 0.001 |
| No. of metastatic organ(s), (“1” as reference) | Not included | |||||||
| 2 ~ | 0.188 | 1.21 | 0.94 ~ 1.54 | 0.136 | ||||
| Resection of metastatic tumor, (“No” as reference) | ||||||||
| Yes | 0.054 | 1.06 | 0.50 ~ 2.23 | 0.887 | – | – | – | 0.552 |
| Palliative chemotherapy, (“Without” as reference) | ||||||||
| With | −0.339 | 0.71 | 0.52 ~ 0.97 | 0.033 | −0.377 | 0.69 | 0.50 ~ 0.94 | 0.020 |
| HGB concentration (g/L), (“< 90” as reference) | ||||||||
| 90 ~ | −0.342 | 0.71 | 0.54 ~ 0.94 | 0.016 | −0.337 | 0.71 | 0.53 ~ 0.96 | 0.024 |
| Platelet count (×109/L) (“< 300” as reference) | ||||||||
| 300 ~ | 0.347 | 1.42 | 1.09 ~ 1.84 | 0.009 | – | – | – | 0.116 |
| ALB level (g/L), (“< 38” as reference) | ||||||||
| 38 ~ | −0.527 | 0.59 | 0.48 ~ 0.73 | < 0.001 | −0.400 | 0.67 | 0.54 ~ 0.84 | < 0.001 |
| LDH level (U/L), (“< 220” as reference) | ||||||||
| 220 ~ | 0.598 | 1.82 | 1.45 ~ 2.28 | < 0.001 | 0.532 | 1.70 | 1.33 ~ 2.18 | < 0.001 |
| CEA level (ng/mL), (“< 8” as reference) | ||||||||
| 8 ~ | 0.365 | 1.44 | 1.13 ~ 1.83 | 0.003 | 0.288 | 1.33 | 1.04 ~ 1.72 | 0.024 |
| 100 ~ | 0.828 | 2.29 | 1.69 ~ 3.09 | < 0.001 | 0.752 | 2.12 | 1.54 ~ 2.93 | < 0.001 |
LR Likelihood Ratio, HR Hazard ratio, 95% CI 95% confident interval, ECOG The Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group, HGB Hemoglobin, ALB Albumin, LDH Lactate dehydrogenase, CEA Carcinoembryonic antigen