Table 2.
Knowledge, Attitude, and Belief (KAB) Scales and Items with Significant Effects Before Correction
| Outcome | Follow-up round | N a | DiD estimate [95% CI]b | p | Benjamini–Hochberg corrected significancec |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Perceived positive attributes of tobacco-free people scale | Follow-up 4 | 11 667 | 0.095 [0.018, 0.173] | .01 | Not significant |
| Perceived ability to avoid smoking in social situations scale | Follow-up 6 | 11 677 | 0.107 [0.014, 0.199] | .02 | Not significant |
| Would you hang out with someone who smokes cigarettes? | Follow-up 2 Follow-up 3 Follow-up 4 Follow-up 6 |
11 643 | 0.016 [0.002, 0.030] 0.019 [0.006, 0.032] 0.023 [0.009, 0.037] 0.025 [0.010, 0.040] |
.03 <.01 <.01 <.01 |
Not significant Significant Significant Significant |
| People who are tobacco-free are attractive. | Follow-up 2 Follow-up 3 Follow-up 4 Follow-up 5 |
11 654 | 0.053 [0.017, 0.088] 0.037 [0.002, 0.072] 0.056 [0.020, 0.093] 0.051 [0.016, 0.087] |
<.01 .04 <.01 <.01 |
Significant Not significant Significant Significant |
| People who are tobacco-free are trendsetting. | Follow-up 1 Follow-up 4 |
11 643 | 0.035 [0.012, 0.058] 0.029 [0.007, 0.051] |
<.01 .01 |
Significant Not significant |
| Using tobacco makes life harder. | Follow-up 1 | 11 652 | 0.053 [0.016, 0.090] | <.01 | Significant |
| How sure are you that, if you really wanted to, you could avoid smoking cigarettes if you are at a party, bar, or club? | Follow-up 3 Follow-up 6 |
11 669 | 0.043 [0.007, 0.080] 0.051 [0.014, 0.087] |
.02 <.01 |
Not significant Significant |
| People who are tobacco-free are confident. | Follow-up 2 Follow-up 4 |
11 653 | 0.030 [0.002, 0.057] 0.037 [0.009, 0.065] |
.03 .01 |
Not significant Not significant |
| According to most people who hang out where I hang out, it is very important for me to not smoke cigarettes. | Follow-up 4 | 11 654 | 0.040 [0.008, 0.072] | .01 | Not significant |
| People who are tobacco-free are happy. | Follow-up 6 | 11 653 | 0.038 [0.007, 0.068] | .02 | Not significant |
| According to people my age in LGBT communities, it is very important for me to not smoke cigarettes. | Follow-up 3 | 11 649 | 0.035 [0.007, 0.064] | .02 | Not significant |
| Would you dance with someone who smokes cigarettes? | Follow-up 1 Follow-up 3 Follow-up 4 Follow-up 6 |
11 629 | 0.024 [0.004, 0.044] 0.022 [0.003, 0.042] 0.025 [0.005, 0.046] 0.024 [0.003, 0.046] |
.02 .03 .02 .03 |
Not significant Not significant Not significant Not significant |
| Would you kiss someone who smokes cigarettes? | Follow-up 3 | 11 630 | 0.034 [0.006, 0.063] | .02 | Not significant |
| How worried are you that smoking will damage your physical appearance or attractiveness? | Follow-up 4 | 5256 | 0.072 [0.012, 0.132] | .02 | Not significant |
| If I started to smoke occasionally, I would not become addicted. | Follow-up 5 | 11 660 | 0.039 [0.003, 0.074] | .03 | Not significant |
a N is the number of unique respondents in each model, with between 1 and 7 observations per respondent.
bDifference-in-differences (DiD) estimate is the contrast between the change in predicted probabilities from baseline to a given follow-up round for Treatment vs. Control. In cases where the outcome had no significant results, the range of DiD estimates (and corresponding p-values) is reported in Supplementary Appendix Table 7.
cAll p-values were adjusted for multiple comparisons using a false discovery rate of 20%.
Control variables in logistic regression models with random effects were age, education, employment status, student status, smoking status, LGBT identity, race/ethnicity, recruitment source, and scales for media use, LGBT involvement, and LGBT connection.
CI = confidence interval; LGBT = lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender.