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. 2021 Dec 7;16:3317–3335. doi: 10.2147/COPD.S337181

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© 2021 Wang et al.

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Effects of the middle dose of XBCQ on the lung inflammation in COPD mice. The mRNA expressions of inflammatory cytokines including TNF-α, IL-1β, and IFN-γ (A). The immunohistochemistry staining of MMP-9 in the lung tissue (B). The integrated optical density (IOD) of MMP-9 (C). Data are expressed as mean ± SEM. ****P < 0.0001, ***P < 0.001, **P < 0.01, compared with the control group. ^####P < 0.0001, ^###P < 0.001, ^#P < 0.05, compared with the COPD group.

Abbreviations: M-XBCQ, the middle dose of XBCQ; DEX, dexamethasone.