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. 2021 Nov 29;9:771353. doi: 10.3389/fcell.2021.771353

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Copyright © 2021 Li, Gao, Xu, Wang and Wei.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Molecular mechanism of ER-phagy. Under different stress conditions, ER-phagy receptors FAM134B, SEC62, RTN3L, ATL3, TEX264, CCPG1, C53, and CALCOCO1 bind to LC3 via their LIR motifs and engulf ER structures in need of degradation into the phagocytic vesicles, which subsequently expand and close to form double-membrane autophagosomes. The autophagosome further fuses with the lysosome to form autophagolysosome. The encapsulated ER fragments are eventually degraded by hydrolases in the autolysosomes.