Table 3.

Variable Definition and Summary

Variable	Definition	N	Mean	Std. Dv.	25th pct	Median	75th pct
Compliance rating	1 if compliant, 0 if otherwise	3558	0.45	0.50	0	0	1
For profit	1 if a for-profit hospital, 0 if otherwise	3558	0.19	0.39	0	0	0
Government	1 if a government hospital, 0 if otherwise	3558	0.19	0.40	0	0	0
System	1 if system-affiliated, 0 if otherwise	3558	0.65	0.48	0	1	1
Non-urban	1 if non-urban, 0 if otherwise	3558	0.47	0.50	0	0	1
Teaching	1 if teaching hospital, 0 if otherwise	3558	0.30	0.46	0	0	1
Log (discharges)	Logarithm of # of discharges	3558	7.77	1.85	6.43	8.12	9.28
Market share	System-adjusted market share on the HRR	3558	0.19	0.23	0.02	0.09	0.28
IT preparedness	Health IT assets/total fixed assets	3558	0.05	0.13	0	0	0.02
Profit margin	Overall net income/net patient revenue	3558	0.05	0.14	− 0.01	0.05	0.12
Charge markup	Charge/Medicare-allowable cost	3558	4.17	2.63	2.30	3.64	5.25
Medicare %	Medicare discharge/total discharge	3558	0.38	0.16	0.26	0.35	0.46
Medicaid %	Medicaid discharge/total discharge	3558	0.08	0.09	0.02	0.04	0.11
Peer compliance*	Average compliance rating of other hospitals in the HRR	3557	0.45	0.25	0.27	0.44	0.60

*One observation was lost for “Peer compliance” because one HRR (St. Joseph, MI) has only one hospital in the sample, and thus, no peer compliance was available