TABLE 3.

Group differences in %Pred 6MWT distance and heart rate responses between control subjects, asymptomatic and symptomatic SARS‐CoV‐2 participants

Parameter	SARS‐CoV‐2, symptomatic	SARS‐CoV‐2, asymptomatic	Control	P‐value
Shortness of breath	n = 5	n = 23	n = 16
%Pred 6MWT distance, %	79 ± 15††	101 ± 15**	101 ± 11*	0.008**
ΔHR rest to post‐6MWT, beats/min	+32 ± 17 †	+56 ± 18*	+65 ± 18**	0.003**
HRR1min, beats/min	−13 ± 9	−23 ± 10	−29 ± 10**	0.009**
Joint/muscle aches	n = 4	n = 24	n = 16
%Pred 6MWT distance, %	80 ± 19†	100 ± 16*	101 ± 11*	0.044*
ΔHR rest to post‐6MWT, beats/min	+44 ± 32	+53 ± 18	+65 ± 18	0.068
HRR1min, beats/min	−13 ± 12	−23 ± 9	−29 ± 10*	0.014*
Fatigue	n = 3	n = 25	n = 16
%Pred 6MWT distance, %	87 ± 24	98 ± 16	101 ± 11	0.359
ΔHR rest to post‐6MWT, beats/min	+40 ± 24	+53 ± 20	+65 ± 18	0.050*
HRR1min, beats/min	−11 ± 6	−23 ± 10	−29 ± 10*	0.011*
Cough	n = 4	n = 24	n = 16
%Pred 6MWT distance, %	90 ± 15	98 ± 18	101 ± 11	0.493
ΔHR rest to post‐6MWT, beats/min	+45 ± 28	+53 ± 19	+65 ± 18	0.076
HRR1min, beats/min	−19 ± 11	−22 ± 10	−29 ± 10	0.071
Loss of taste/smell	n = 10	n = 18	n = 16
%Pred 6MWT distance, %	89 ± 20	102 ± 14	101 ± 11	0.092
ΔHR rest to post‐6MWT, beats/min	+47 ± 23	+54 ± 19	+65 ± 18	0.060
HRR1min, beats/min	−19 ± 13	−23 ± 8	−29 ± 10*	0.041*
Cognitive impairment	n = 3	n = 25	n = 16
%Pred 6MWT distance, %	84 ± 19	99 ± 17	101 ± 11	0.229
ΔHR rest to post‐6MWT, beats/min	+64 ± 32	+50 ± 19	+65 ± 18 †	0.046*
HRR1min, beats/min	−14 ± 12	−22 ± 10	−29 ± 10	0.034*

Abbreviations: HR, heart rate; HRR_1min, the difference in HR immediately post‐6MWT compared with the initial minute of recovery; 6MWT, 6‐minute walk test; %Pred 6MWT distance, distance travelled during the 6MWT normalized to a reference sample using predictive equations provided by Casanova et al. (2011); SARS‐CoV‐2, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. Note: Significant differences from symptomatic groups are indicated as follows

^* P ≤ 0.05

^** P ≤ 0.01. Significant differences from asymptomatic groups are indicated as follows

^† P ≤ 0.05

^†† P ≤ 0.01.