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. 2021 Dec 6;2021:7781823. doi: 10.1155/2021/7781823

Figure 3.

Figure 3

The effect of pancreatic beta-cell dysfunctions on PCOS pathogenesis. Beta-cell dysfunctions lead to type 2 diabetes mellitus and hyperinsulinemia that lead to PCOS by creating hyperandrogenism. However, it is not clear that the PCOS is an introduction to beta-cell abnormalities and then resulted in insulin secretion dysregulation or vice versa.