(A) Cell vitality of BMSCs cultured on BCP scaffolds for 1, 3, 7and10 days. The data is expressed as mean ± SD (n = 5). *P < 0.05. (B) The alkaline phosphate (ALP) activity of BMSCs cultured on plates (Control group), BCP scaffolds for 3, 7 and 14 days. The data is expressed as mean ± SD (n = 3). *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01. (C) The CD 44 and CD 90 expression of BM-MSCs seeded on plates and BCP scaffolds after cultured for 4 days. (D) The expression of Runx2, Col-Ⅰ, ALP and OCN gene in BM-MSCs of plates (Control group) and BCP scaffolds after 3, 7 and 14 days. The data is expressed as mean ± SD (n = 4) normalized to the expression of GAPDH mRNA. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001. (E) The expression of BMP-2 (green), Col-Ⅰ(green), and OCN (red) in BM-MSCs seeded on BCP scaffolds after 10 days. Blue represents the nucleus. Scale bar is 100 μm. (F) HE staining of ectopic osteogenesis after BCP scaffolds after 3 months, 6 months and 9 months implantation in vivo. (G) The percentage of new bone area/total tissue area in H&E staining calculated by Image J software. (One-way ANOVA was used; *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001; ****p < 0.0001).