TABLE 1.

Optimizer's description

Optimizer ID	Optimizer name	Description	Special utilisation/Best used
Richness	Species richness	Count of the number of species present in a given site	Identify biodiversity hotspots
RRR	Range‐rarity richness	Inverse of the number of sites in which a species occurs. RRR = ${\sum }_1^{n}1/c_i$, where $c_i$ is the number of map grid cells occupied by species i and n is the number of species	When the goal is to identify areas of high biodiversity and biological uniqueness
CRRR	Corrected range‐rarity richness	Range rarity richness (RRR) divided by species richness. CRRR = $({\sum }_1^{n}1/c_i$)/n, where $c_i$ is the number of map grid cells occupied by species i and n is the number of species	When the goal is to identify centers of endemism or highlight range‐restricted species
Shannon	Shannon‐Wiener diversity index	Combines species richness and the evenness or equitability by computing the species' relative abundances. H': $‐{\sum }_{i=1}^S{p}_i{\mathit{log}}_n{p}_i$, where S is the species richness and pi is the relative abundance of the species	It assumes that all species are represented in a sample and that they are randomly sampled
Simpson	Simpson diversity index	Combines species richness and the evenness or equitability by computing the species' relative abundances D = 1 − Σ$p_i$ 2 , where $p_i$is the proportional abundance of species i	It is the complement of Simpson's original dominance index, and represents the probability that two randomly chosen individuals belong to different species
Simpson_Beta	Pairwise Simpson dissimilarity index	It is based on diversity partitioning, which separates species replacement (i.e., turnover) from species loss (i.e., nestedness). The Simpson dissimilarity corresponds to the turnover component of the Sorensen dissimilarity. Considering two sites, βsim = min(b, c)/(a + min(b, c)), where a is the number of species present in both sites, b is the number of species present in the first site, but not in the second, and c is the number of species present in the second site, but not in the first.	It is used to maximize species turnover
Frequent		The most frequent plots selected over 1,000 iterations with a randomized starting seed using the pairwise Simpson dissimilarity index
Simpson_Random		The pairwise Simpson dissimilarity index with a randomized starting seed iterated 1,000 times