Fig. 5. Genome-wide screening and functional annotations of domestication sweeps.

a Selective signals on chromosome 2. Gray horizontal dashed lines indicate the top 1% thresholds of the scores/values derived from three approaches, XP-CLR, F_ST and nucleotide diversity (π) ratio. Putative selected regions (orange rectangles) and QTL/GWAS signals overlapping with the identified selective sweeps (black rectangles) are shown below these tracks. GWAS signal of leaf surface texture was identified in this study. Selective signals on other chromosomes are provided in Supplementary Fig. 22. b Zoomed-in view of the region containing the GWAS signal of leaf surface texture. c Distribution of the leaf surface texture phenotype (wrinkled or smooth) in the three Spinacia groups. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.