Table 1:

Demographics and clinical characteristics of study population.

Characteristic	All Subjects (n = 40)	LME + Subjects (n = 32)	LME – Subjects (n = 8)
Age (years), mean (SD)	47.1 (10.6)	49.1 (1.6)	39.1 (4.6)*
Female (%)	26 (65.0%)	10 (31.3%)	4 (50.0%)
Ethnicity  • Not Hispanic/Latino  • Hispanic/Latino  • Unknown/Refused to Answer	30 (75.0%) 1 (2.5%) 9 (22.5%)	23 (71.9%) 1 (3.1%) 8 (25.0%)	7 (87.5%) 0 (0.0%) 1 (12.5%)
Race  • American   Indian/Alaskan Native  • Asian  • Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander  • Black/African-American  • White  • More than one  • Other  • Unknown/Refused to Answer	0 (0.0%) 0 (0.0%) 0 (0.0%) 2 (5.0%) 30 (75.0%) 0 (0.0%) 2 (5.0%) 6 (15.0%)	0 (0.0%) 0 (0.0%) 0 (0.0%) 1 (3.1%) 24 (75.0%) 0 (0.0%) 2 (6.3%) 5 (15.6%)	0 (0.0%) 0 (0.0%) 0 (0.0%) 1 (12.5%) 6 (75.0%) 0 (0.0%) 0 (0.0%) 1 (12.5%)
MS Subtype  • RRMS (%)  • SPMS (%)  • PPMS (%)	30 (75.0%) 5 (12.5%) 5 (12.5%)	25 (78.3%) 5 (15.6%) 2 (6.25%)	5 (62.5%) 0 3 (37.5%)*
MS treatment name  • No Treatment  • Interferon-beta  • Glatiramer acetate  • Natalizumab  • Teriflunomide  • Fingolimod  • Dimethyl fumarate	13 (32.5%) 3 (7.5%) 6 (15.0%) 3 (7.5%) 1 (2.5%) 5 (12.5%) 9 (22.5%)	10 (30.3%) 1 (3.0%) 6 (18.2%) 3 (9.1%) 1 (3.3%) 5 (15.2%) 7 (21.2%)	3 (42.9%) 2 (28.6%) 0 0 0 0 2 (28.6%)
EDSS Score, median (Range)	3 (1–6.5)	3 (1 – 6.5)	2.25 (1 – 6)
Disease Duration (years), mean (SD)	12.0 (8.7)	13.2 (1.6)	7.3 (1.8)
Number of relapses in prior year	13 (32.5%)	11 (34.4%)	2 (25.0%)
Previous optic neuritis (n (%))	11 (27.5%)	10 (31.3%)	1 (12.5%)
Time period of follow up (years), median (range)	1.2 (0 – 4.7)	1.2 (0 – 2.8)	1.1 (0 – 4.7)

^*: p < 0.05 for difference between subjects with leptomeningeal enhancement (LME +) and those without (LME −), by t-test or rank sum, as appropriate. SD: standard deviation; MS: multiple sclerosis; RRMS; relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis; SPMS: secondary progressive multiple sclerosis; PPMS: primary progressive multiple sclerosis; EDSS: Expanded Disability Status Scale