Table 4.
Likelihood of having a quit attempt with a referral to the Quitline by a doctor (n = 897), calling the Quitline (n = 3843), and using a Quit app or text messaging service (n = 1042) by demographic and smoking characteristics: logistic regressions with predictive margins (%) and average marginal effects (AME).
| Referral to Quitline by doctor (2012–2017) |
Called Quitline |
Used Quit app or text messaging service (2011–2017) |
||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Logistic Regression |
Predictive margins |
AME^ |
Logistic Regression |
Predictive margins |
AME^ |
Logistic Regression |
Predictive margins |
AME^ |
||||
| aOR(95%CI) | p-value | %(95%CI) | p-value | aOR(95%CI) | p-value | %(95%CI) | p-value | aOR(95%CI) | p-value | %(95%CI) | p-value | |
| Year | 1·10 (0·97,1·24) | 0·132 | 1·09 (1·00,1·19) | 0·041 | 1·34 (1·15,1·56) | <0·0001 | ||||||
| Year by Year | – | – | 1·00 (0·99,1·00) | 0·031 | – | – | ||||||
| Age group (years) | ||||||||||||
| 15–29 | Ref | 8·1 (3·9,12·3) | Ref | 8·9 (7·0,10·8) | Ref | 9·4 (4·7,14·1) | ||||||
| 30–44 | 2·22 (1·14,4·33) | 0·019 | 15·9 (11·5,20·3) | 0·010 | 1·30 (0·96,1·77) | 0·090 | 11·2 (9·4,13·1) | 0·085 | 1·28 (0·64,2·57) | 0·489 | 11·5 (7·8,15·2) | 0·478 |
| 45–59 | 1·67 (0·81,3·47) | 0·168 | 12·6 (8·2,17·1) | 0·155 | 1·06 (0·75,1·49) | 0·745 | 9·4 (7·4,11·3) | 0·745 | 0·25 (0·10,0·61) | 0·002 | 2·7 (1·1,4·3) | 0·008 |
| 60+ | 1·08 (0·47,2·46) | 0·858 | 8·7 (4·2,13·1) | 0·858 | 0·71 (0·44,1·13) | 0·151 | 6·5 (4·2,8·9) | 0·130 | – | – | ||
| Gender | ||||||||||||
| Female | Ref | 13·8 (10·2,17·5) | Ref | 11·7 (10·3, 13·2) | Ref | 8·2 (5·6,10·9) | ||||||
| Male | 0·76 (0·49,1·18) | 0·224 | 11·0 (8·1,14·0) | 0·229 | 0·63 (0·50,0·81) | 0·0003 | 7·9 (6·5,9·3) | 0·0002 | 0·75 (0·42,1·34) | 0·326 | 6·4 (3·9,9·0) | 0·322 |
| Socioeconomic disadvantage | ||||||||||||
| Most | 0·73 (0·45,1·18) | 0·199 | 10·9 (8·2,13·7) | 0·209 | 1·28 (1·00,1·63) | 0·047 | 10·6 (9·1,12·1) | 0·046 | 0·45 (0·26,0·78) | 0·004 | 5·1 (3·2,6·9) | |
| Least | Ref | 14·2 (10·0,18·4) | Ref | 8·6 (7·2,10·0) | Ref | 10·1 (6·8,13·3) | 0·006 | |||||
| Region | ||||||||||||
| Metropolitan | Ref | 9·6 (7·2,12·1) | Ref | 10·9 (9·6,12·2) | Ref | See Fig. 4c & Supp Table 9 | ||||||
| Country | 1·96 (1·20,3·18) | 0·007 | 16·8 (11·9,21·7) | 0·012 | 0·66 (0·49,0·88) | 0·005 | 7·5 (5·7,9·2) | 0·002 | 0·01 (0·00,1·69) | 0·080 | ||
| Country by Year | – | – | 1·26 (0·96,1·65) | 0·094 | ||||||||
| Heaviness of smoking (Cigarettes per day) | ||||||||||||
| 10 or fewer | Ref | 8·9 (5·9,11·9) | Ref | 7·0 (5·7,8·3) | Ref | 7·8 (5·1,10·5) | ||||||
| More than 10 | 2·01 (1·26,3·21) | 0·004 | 16·0 (12·4,19·7) | 0·003 | 1·98 (1·52,2·57) | <0·0001 | 12·7 (11·0,14·4) | <0·0001 | 0·81 (0·45,1·47) | 0·496 | 6·5 (4·1,9·0) | 0·498 |
| Quantity not provided | 0·43 (0·09,2·05) | 0·292 | 4·1 (−1·8,10·1) | 0·155 | 0·62 (0·29,1·33) | 0·219 | 4·5 (1·4,7·6) | 0·145 | – | – | ||
| Quit intentions in next 6 months | ||||||||||||
| Intend to quit | Ref | 13·8 (11.0,16·5) | Ref | 11·5 (10·2,12·8) | Ref | 7·3 (5·2,9·4) | ||||||
| Do not intend to quit | 0·31 (0·14,0·67) | 0·003 | 4·9 (1·5,8·2) | 0·0001 | 0·46 (0·32,0·66) | <0·0001 | 5·7 (3·9,7·6) | <0·0001 | 1·14 (0·54,2·38) | 0·731 | 8·2 (3·5,12·8) | 0·738 |
| Can't say | 0·67 (0·30,1·50) | 0·328 | 9·8 (3·1,16·4) | 0·272 | 0·26 (0·14,0·47) | <0·0001 | 3·4 (1·5,5·2) | <0·0001 | 0·47 (0·13,1·72) | 0·253 | 3·8 (−0·6,8·1) | 0·141 |
| Mental health condition | 2012 to 2017 (n = 896) | 2005 to 2017 (n = 2041) | 2011 to 2017 (n = 1042) | |||||||||
| No | Ref | 11·8 (9·2,14·5) | Ref | 8·9 (7·4,10·4) | Ref | 7·4 (5·3,9·5) | ||||||
| Yes | 1·19 (0·71,2·00) | 0·501 | 13·7 (8·8,18·6) | 0·514 | 1·92 (1·36,2·70) | 0·0002 | 15·5 (11·8,19·3) | 0·001 | 0·86 (0·45,1·62) | 0·632 | 6·5 (3·3,9·7) | 0·621 |
^
Comparing percentage point difference in predictive margins compared to reference group for average values when no interaction is present (AME). Representative values for the years of 1998, 2007 and 2017 are available in the Supplementary data file. Notes: aOR=adjusted Odds Ratio, 95%CI=95% Confidence Interval Lower and Upper.