Table 3.

Potential reversal agents for treatment of HT.

Reversal agent	Suggested dose	A promising treatment group	Adverse effects
Cryo-precipitate	10 U	All sICH patients	Lack of pathogen inactivation, risk of transfusion related lung injury, and delay in obtaining the solution
Platelets	6–8 U	MostsICH patients (except for patients with thrombocytopenia, which platelet count <100,000/μL)	Lack of pathogen inactivation, risk of transfusion-related lung injury
PCC	20–40 mL	sICH patients on warfarin treatment before alteplase administration (adjunct treatment to cryo-precipitate)	Risk of thrombotic complication
FFP	12 mL/kg	sICH patients on warfarin treatment before alteplase administration but cannot treat PCC (adjunct treatment to cryoprecipitate)	Risk of thrombotic complications, and volume overload
Vitamin K	5–10 mg	sICH patients on warfarin treatment before alteplase administration	Risk of anaphylaxis
Antifibrinolytic agent	Amicar: 1–4 g/h TXA: 10 mg/kg	All sICH patients (especially, those who decline blood products)	Risk of thrombotic complications
rFVIIa	20–160 μg/kg	Unclear	Risk of thrombotic complication

sICH, symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage; PCC, prothrombin complex concentrates; FFP, fresh frozen plasma; Amicar, aminocaproic acid; TXA, tranexamic acid; rFVIIa, recombinant factor VIIa.