Table 1.
Women with PCOS (n = 64,051) | Women without PCOS (n = 123,545) | |
---|---|---|
Age, years, mean (SD) | 30.4 (7.0) | 30.5 (7.1) |
BMI, kg/m2, median (IQR) | 25.9 (22.2–31.9) | 25.4 (22.0–30.8) |
BMI categories, n (%)* | ||
Normal/underweight | 23,490 (36.6) | 48,360 (39.1) |
Overweight | 12,734 (19.8) | 25,229 (20.4) |
Obese | 17,591 (27.5) | 29,907 (24.2) |
Missing | 10,236 (16.0) | 20,049 (16.2) |
Smoking status, n (%) | ||
Nonsmoker | 37,311 (58.3) | 71,114 (57.6) |
Discontinued | 9,044 (14.1) | 16,285 (13.2) |
Smoker | 14,674 (22.9) | 28,284 (22.9) |
Missing | 3,022 (4.7) | 7,862 (6.4) |
Ethnicity, n (%) | ||
Caucasian | 30,597 (47.8) | 50,206 (40.6) |
Black | 1,464 (2.3) | 2,636 (2.1) |
Chinese | 582 (0.91) | 883 (0.7) |
South Asian | 3,085 (4.8) | 3,517 (2.9) |
Mixed race | 897 (1.4) | 1,645 (1.3) |
Missing | 27,426 (42.8) | 64,658 (52.3) |
Townsend deprivation score, n (%) | ||
1 (least deprived) | 11,270 (17.6) | 21,839 (17.7) |
2 | 10,280 (16.1) | 19,866 (16.1) |
3 | 12,064 (18.8) | 23,471 (19.0) |
4 | 11,530 (18.0) | 22,623 (18.3) |
5 (most deprived) | 8,182 (12.8) | 16,186 (13.1) |
Missing | 10,725 (16.7) | 19,560 (15.8) |
Baseline comorbidity, n (%) | ||
Hypothyroidism | 2,172 (3.4) | 2,585 (2.1) |
Hypertension | 1,420 (2.22) | 2,030 (1.64) |
Baseline medication, n (%) | ||
Any COCP | 27,768 (43.4) | 66,332 (53.7) |
COCP without antiandrogenic progestin | 25,481 (39.8) | 64,157 (51.9) |
COCP with antiandrogenic progestin | 14,437 (22.5) | 12,336 (10.0) |
Drospirenone | 4,944 (7.7) | 6,550 (5.3) |
Cyproterone | 11,069 (17.3) | 7,305 (5.9) |
Single-agent antiandrogen therapy† | ||
Cyproterone | 444 (0.69) | |
Other antiandrogen drugs^ | 42 (0.07) | |
Lipid-lowering medication | 410 (0.64) | 534 (0.43) |
Normal/underweight, <23.5 kg/m2 for patients of South Asian ethnicity and <25 kg/m2 for patients of all other ethnic groups; overweight, 23.5–27.5 kg/m2 for patients of South Asian ethnicity and 25–30 kg/m2 for patients of all other ethnic groups; and obese, ≥27.5 kg/m2 for patients of South Asian ethnicity and ≥30 kg/m2 for patients of all other ethnic groups.
Includes dutasteride, enzalutamide, finasteride, flutamide, and spironolactone.
PCOS-relevant variables summarized only for the PCOS-exposed cohort; note that patients with impaired glucose regulation or glucose-lowering drug prescription at baseline were not included in the cohort.