Table 3. Odds of Stress Level, Sadness or Despair, Thinking of Suicide, Plan of Suicide, and Suicide Attempt for 2019 vs 2020 Participants by Sex.
| Variables | Event/total (%) | Crude OR (95% CI) | P valuea | Adjusted OR (95% CI)b | P valuea | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2019 | 2020 | |||||
| Men (n = 48 020) | ||||||
| Subjective stress | ||||||
| None | NA | NA | 1 [Reference] | <.001 | 1 [Reference] | <.001 |
| Little | 4947/24 917 (19.9) | 5231/23 103 (22.6) | 1.30 (1.19-1.42) | 1.26 (1.15-1.38) | ||
| A little | 10 874/24 917 (43.6) | 10 453/23 103 (45.2) | 1.18 (1.08-1.28) | 1.11 (1.02-1.21) | ||
| Severe | 5622/24 917 (22.6) | 4933/23 103 (21.4) | 1.08 (0.98-1.19) | 1.00 (0.91-1.10) | ||
| Very severe | 2053/24 917 (8.2) | 1290/23 103 (5.6) | 0.77 (0.69-0.86) | 0.68 (0.61-0.77) | ||
| Sadness or despair | 5268/24 917 (21.1) | 4389/23 103 (19.0) | 0.86 (0.82-0.91) | <.001 | 0.84 (0.80-0.89) | <.001 |
| Thinking of suicide | 2171/24 917 (8.7) | 1727/23 103 (7.5) | 0.83 (0.77-0.90) | <.001 | 0.79 (0.73-0.85) | <.001 |
| Plan of suicide | 637/24 917 (2.6) | 552/23 103 (2.4) | 0.95 (0.84-1.07) | .38 | 0.92 (0.80-1.04) | .18 |
| Suicide attempt | 378/24 917 (1.5) | 254/23 103 (1.1) | 0.71 (0.60-0.83) | <.001 | 0.67 (0.56-0.79) | <.001 |
| Women (n = 44 639) | ||||||
| Subjective stress | ||||||
| None | NA | NA | 1 [Reference] | <.001 | 1 [Reference] | <.001 |
| Little | 2632/23 526 (11.2) | 2897/21 113 (13.7) | 1.05 (0.90-1.22) | 1.06 (0.91-1.23) | ||
| A little | 9216/23 526 (39.2) | 9454/21 113 (44.8) | 0.99 (0.85-1.14) | 1.00 (0.87-1.17) | ||
| Severe | 7983/23 526 (33.9) | 6298/21 113 (29.8) | 0.75 (0.65-0.88) | 0.77 (0.66-0.89) | ||
| Very severe | 3311/23 526 (14.1) | 2063/21 113 (9.8) | 0.59 (0.50-0.69) | 0.58 (0.49-0.69) | ||
| Sadness or despair | 7964/23 526 (33.9) | 6220/21 113 (29.5) | 0.81 (0.77-0.85) | <.001 | 0.79 (0.75-0.83) | <.001 |
| Thinking of suicide | 3921/23 526 (16.7) | 2790/21 113 (13.2) | 0.76 (0.71-0.81) | <.001 | 0.75 (0.71-0.80) | <.001 |
| Plan of suicide | 1084/23 526 (4.6) | 844/21 113 (4.0) | 0.86 (0.77-0.95) | .003 | 0.86 (0.77-0.95) | .005 |
| Suicide attempt | 905/23 526 (3.8) | 506/21 113 (2.4) | 0.63 (0.56-0.70) | <.001 | 0.62 (0.55-0.70) | <.001 |
Abbreviation: OR, odds ratio.
a
Calculated using multiple logistic regression analysis with complex sampling; the threshold for statistical significance was P < .05.
b
Adjusted for age, body mass index, physical exercise, sedentary time for study and leisure, sleep time, sex, economic level, educational level of father and mother, scholastic performance, and subjective health status.