Table 3.
Distribution of socio-demographic and pandemic factors by COVID-19 protective and risky behavior latent classes (n = 832).
| Full Sample |
Highly Protective |
Moderately Protective |
Minimally Protective |
Risky |
ANOVA or Chi-Square |
||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n = 832 |
n = 240, 28.8% |
n = 279, 33.5% |
n = 212, 25.5% |
n = 101, 12.1% |
|||
| Correlate | N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | p-value | |
| Socio-Demographics | 0.037 | ||||||
| Age (m (SD)), in years | 37.0 (11.0) | 38.2 (11.0) | 37.5 (11.7) | 35.8 (10.7) | 35.2 (9.0) | ||
| Gender | Man | 167 (20.1) | 44 (26.3) | 48 (28.7) | 49 (29.3) | 26 (15.6) | 0.18 |
| Woman | 644 (77.4) | 191 (29.7) | 221 (34.3) | 157 (24.4) | 75 (11.6) | ||
| Non-Binary/Trans gender/Other | 21 (2.5) | 5 (23.8) | 10 (47.6) | 6 (28.6) | 0 (0.0) | ||
| Sexual Orientation | Heterosexual | 660 (79.3) | 189 (28.6) | 216 (32.7) | 163 (24.7) | 92 (13.9) | 0.040 |
| Homosexual | 53 (6.4) | 16 (30.2) | 15 (28.3) | 19 (35.8) | 3 (5.7) | ||
| Bisexual/Queer/Pansexual/Other | 119 (14.3) | 35 (29.4) | 48 (40.3) | 30 (25.2) | 6 (5.0) | ||
| Race/Ethnicity | Non-Hispanic White | 488 (58.7) | 122 (25.0) | 166 (34.0) | 138 (28.3) | 62 (12.7) | 0.14 |
| Black | 112 (13.5) | 43 (38.4) | 33 (29.5) | 19 (17.0) | 17 (15.2) | ||
| Asian | 76 (9.1) | 27 (35.5) | 23 (30.3) | 18 (23.7) | 8 (10.5) | ||
| Latinx | 75 (9.0) | 26 (34.7) | 27 (36.0) | 16 (21.3) | 6 (8.0) | ||
| Othera/More Than One Race | 81 (9.7) | 22 (27.2) | 30 (37.0) | 21 (25.9) | 8 (10.0) | ||
| Educational Attainment | High School or Less | 77 (9.3) | 24 (31.2) | 25 (32.5) | 19 (24.7) | 9 (11.7) | 0.42 |
| Some College/2-yr College Degree | 230 (27.6) | 79 (34.3) | 75 (32.6) | 51 (22.2) | 25 (10.9) | ||
| 4-yr College Degree/Grad School | 525 (63.1) | 137 (26.1) | 179 (34.1) | 142 (27.0) | 67 (12.8) | ||
| Current Employment Status | Employed Full Time | 466 (56.0) | 132 (28.3) | 163 (35.0) | 106 (22.7) | 65 (13.9) | 0.43 |
| Employed Part Time | 127 (15.3) | 31 (24.4) | 44 (34.6) | 39 (30.7) | 13 (10.2) | ||
| Unemployed | 171 (20.6) | 51 (29.8) | 54 (31.6) | 50 (29.2) | 16 (9.4) | ||
| Student | 33 (4.0) | 12 (36.4) | 10 (30.3) | 9 (27.3) | 2 (6.1) | ||
| Retired | 19 (2.3) | 6 (31.6) | 6 (31.6) | 5 (26.3) | 2 (10.5) | ||
| Furloughed | 16 (1.9) | 8 (50.0) | 2 (12.5) | 3 (18.8) | 3 (18.8) | ||
| Annual Household Income | ≤$50,000/year | 344 (41.3) | 98 (28.5) | 109 (31.7) | 104 (30.2) | 33 (9.6) | 0.051 |
| $50,001-$100,000/year | 329 (39.5) | 100 (30.4) | 104 (31.6) | 77 (23.4) | 48 (14.6) | ||
| $100,001-$150,000/year | 102 (12.3) | 27 (26.5) | 42 (41.2) | 17 (16.7) | 16 (15.7) | ||
| >$150,000/year | 57 (6.9) | 15 (26.3) | 24 (42.1) | 14 (24.6) | 4 (7.0) | ||
| Political Preference | Republican | 123 (14.8) | 28 (22.8) | 30 (24.4) | 27 (22.0) | 38 (30.9) | <0.001 |
| Democrat | 434 (52.2) | 131 (30.2) | 157 (36.2) | 107 (24.7) | 39 (9.0) | ||
| Independent | 186 (22.4) | 57 (30.6) | 62 (33.3) | 49 (26.3) | 18 (9.7) | ||
| Something Else | 88 (10.6) | 24 (27.3) | 30 (34.1) | 29 (33.0) | 5 (5.7) | ||
| Marital status | Married | 280 (33.7) | 92 (32.9) | 93 (33.2) | 58 (20.7) | 37 (13.2) | 0.39 |
| Single, In a Relationship | 250 (30.0) | 69 (27.6) | 82 (32.8) | 65 (26.0) | 34 (13.6) | ||
| Single, No Relationship | 237 (28.5) | 61 (25.7) | 83 (35.0) | 71 (30.0) | 22 (9.3) | ||
| Separated/Divorced/Widowed | 65 (7.8) | 18 (27.7) | 21 (32.3) | 18 (27.7) | 8 (12.3) | ||
| Living Situation | Living with Others (versus Alone) | 651 (78.2) | 194 (29.8) | 224 (34.4) | 161 (24.7) | 72 (11.1) | 0.16 |
| Live with Children | Living with Children | 284 (34.1) | 93 (32.7) | 88 (31.0) | 58 (20.4) | 45 (15.8) | 0.006 |
| Housing Type | House/Condominium | 535 (64.3) | 158 (29.5) | 184 (34.4) | 127 (23.7) | 66 (12.3) | 0.73 |
| Apartment | 285 (34.3) | 79 (27.7) | 92 (32.6) | 80 (28.1) | 34 (11.9) | ||
| Other | 12 (1.4) | 3 (25.0) | 3 (25.0) | 5 (41.7) | 1 (8.3) | ||
| Residential Area Type | Urban | 421 (50.6) | 138 (33.3) | 129 (30.6) | 98 (23.3) | 56 (13.3) | 0.057 |
| Suburban | 296 (35.6) | 70 (23.6) | 109 (36.8) | 79 (26.6) | 38 (12.8) | ||
| Town | 65 (7.8) | 16 (24.6) | 24 (36.9) | 23 (35.4) | 2 (3.1) | ||
| Rural | 50 (6.0) | 16 (32.0) | 17 (34.0) | 12 (24.0) | 5 (10.0) | ||
| Region of Residence | West | 272 (32.7) | 70 (25.7) | 98 (36.0) | 74 (27.2) | 30 (11.0) | 0.25 |
| Midwest | 138 (16.6) | 48 (34.8) | 37 (26.8) | 38 (27.5) | 15 (10.9) | ||
| Northeast | 165 (19.8) | 49 (29.7) | 63 (38.2) | 37 (22.4) | 16 (9.7) | ||
| South | 257 (30.9) | 73 (28.4) | 81 (31.5) | 63 (24.5) | 40 (15.6) | ||
| Pandemic Factors | |||||||
| Had a COVID-19 Test | Yes | 268 (32.2) | 73 (27.2) | 103 (38.4) | 59 (22.0) | 33 (12.3) | 0.17 |
| Had COVID-19 | Yes, Diagnosed with Test | 11 (1.3) | 5 (45.5) | 3 (27.3) | 0 (0.0) | 3 (27.3) | 0.034 |
| Probably, Diagnosed without Test | 9 (1.1) | 1 (11.1) | 3 (33.3) | 2 (22.2) | 3 (33.3) | ||
| Maybe, Suspected COVID-19 | 135 (16.2) | 29 (21.5) | 57 (42.2) | 31 (23.0) | 18 (13.3) | ||
| No COVID-19 | 677 (81.4) | 205 (30.3) | 216 (31.9) | 179 (26.4) | 77 (11.4) | ||
| Vulnerable Conditions | Yes | 284 (34.1) | 90 (31.7) | 105 (37.0) | 57 (20.1) | 32 (11.3) | 0.047 |
| Overweight or Obese | Yes | 372 (44.7) | 114 (30.6) | 128 (34.4) | 88 (23.7) | 42 (11.3) | 0.53 |
| COVID-19 in a Household Member | Yes, Diagnosed with Test | 28 (3.4) | 9 (32.1) | 6 (21.4) | 6 (21.4) | 7 (25.0) | 0.004 |
| Probably, Diagnosed without Test | 6 (0.7) | 2 (33.3) | 1 (16.7) | 0 (0.0) | 3 (50.0) | ||
| Maybe, Suspected COVID-19 | 80 (9.6) | 13 (16.3) | 37 (46.3) | 19 (23.8) | 11 (13.8) | ||
| No Household COVID-19 | 718 (86.3) | 216 (30.1) | 235 (32.7) | 187 (26.0) | 80 (11.1) | ||
| Know Anyone with COVID-19 | Yes | 503 (60.5) | 159 (31.6) | 187 (37.2) | 110 (21.9) | 47 (9.3) | <0.001 |
| COVID-19 Care in Employment | Direct Care | 33 (4.0) | 7 (21.2) | 15 (45.5) | 4 (12.1) | 7 (21.2) | |
| Supportive Care | 52 (6.2) | 14 (26.9) | 20 (38.5) | 9 (17.3) | 9 (17.3) | ||
| No COVID-19 Care | 747 (89.8) | 219 (29.3) | 244 (32.7) | 199 (26.6) | 85 (11.4) | ||
| Went into one’s Workplace in the past month | Never | 374 (45.0) | 138 (36.9) | 104 (27.8) | 106 (28.3) | 26 (7.0) | <0.001 |
| Rarely | 109 (13.1) | 27 (24.8) | 48 (44.0) | 20 (18.3) | 14 (12.8) | ||
| Sometimes | 84 (10.1) | 14 (16.7) | 32 (38.1) | 23 (27.4) | 15 (17.9) | ||
| Often | 98 (11.8) | 24 (24.5) | 33 (33.7) | 23 (23.5) | 18 (28.4) | ||
| Always | 167 (20.1) | 37 (22.2) | 62 (37.1) | 40 (24.0) | 28 (16.8) | ||
| Likelihood of COVID-19, m (SD) | Very Unlikely = 1 to Very Likely = 5 | 2.7 (1.0) | 2.6 (1.1) | 2.8 (0.9) | 2.7 (0.9) | 2.5 (1.2) | 0.001 |
| Severity of COVID-19, m (SD) | Absent = 1 to Extreme Symptoms = 5 | 2.6 (0.9) | 2.9 (1.0) | 2.6 (0.9) | 2.5 (0.9) | 2.3 (1.0) | <0.001 |
| a Other includes Native Hawaiian, Pacific Islander, American Indian, Alaska Native, and Middle Eastern | |||||||