TABLE 1.
Factors Associated With Mortality Among Noncoronavirus Disease 2019 Critically Ill Patients
| Factors | n = 428,687 (%) | Mortality Adjusted ORs (% CI) | p |
|---|---|---|---|
| Pandemic exposure | |||
| Low (< 25%) | 395,089 (92.2) | — | |
| Moderate (25–50%) | 27,145 (6.3) | 1.12 (1.05–1.19) | < 0.001 |
| High (≥ 50%) | 6,453 (1.5) | 1.52 (1.33–1.74) | < 0.001 |
| Patient sex | |||
| Female | 169,197 (39.5) | — | |
| Male | 259,490 (60.5) | 1.03 (0.99–1.06) | 0.150 |
| Patient agea (by 10 yr increase) | 69.0 (57.0–79.0) | 1.37 (1.34–1.40) | < 0.001 |
| Patient SAPS IIa,b (by 10 units increase) | 19.0 (0.0–33.0) | 1.89 (1.82–1.97) | < 0.001 |
| Elixhauser comorbidity indexa | 2.0 (1.0–4.0) | 1.11 (1.07–1.15) | < 0.001 |
| Patient median household incomea, € | 20.0 (18.7–21.9) | 0.99 (0.99–1.00) | 0.093 |
| Hospital admission type | |||
| Surgical care | 140,988 (32.9) | — | |
| Medical care | 287,699 (67.1) | 2.19 (2.03–2.36) | < 0.001 |
| Hospital admission reason | |||
| Diseases and disorders of the nervous system | 64,852 (15.1) | — | |
| Diseases and disorders of the respiratory system | 53,561 (12.5) | 0.76 (0.70–0.84) | < 0.001 |
| Diseases and disorders of the circulatory system | 167,170 (39.0) | 0.66 (0.60–0.70) | < 0.001 |
| Diseases and disorders of the digestive, hepatobiliary system, and pancreas | 46,949 (11.0) | 0.64 (0.59–0.73) | < 0.001 |
| Diseases and disorders of the musculoskeletal system, skin, injuries, poisonings, and burns | 31,145 (7.3) | 0.53 (0.48–0.59) | < 0.001 |
| Diseases and disorders of the kidney and urinary tract, reproductive systems | 23,385 (5.5) | 0.30 (0.26–0.34) | < 0.001 |
| Diseases and disorders of the blood and myeloproliferative tumors | 10,134 (2.4) | 0.56 (0.48–0.66) | < 0.001 |
| Others diseases and disorders | 31,491 (7.3) | 0.42 (0.37–0.49) | < 0.001 |
| Care delivery type | |||
| Intermediate care | 358,251 (83.6) | — | |
| Intensive care | 70,436 (16.4) | 1.80 (1.64–1.97) | < 0.001 |
| Invasive ventilationc | |||
| No | 372,122 (86.8) | — | |
| Yes | 56,565 (13.2) | 1.66 (1.54–1.80) | < 0.001 |
| Hemodynamic supportc | |||
| No | 364,539 (85.0) | — | |
| Yes | 64,148 (15.0) | 1.90 (1.78–2.02) | < 0.001 |
| Kidney replacement therapyc | |||
| No | 418,455 (97.6) | — | |
| Yes | 10,232 (2.4) | 2.48 (2.25–2.74) | < 0.001 |
| Hospital status | |||
| Teaching hospital | 141,770 (33.1) | — | |
| Public | 168,458 (39.3) | 1.07 (0.95–1.22) | 0.268 |
| Private | 118,459 (27.6) | 1.24 (1.04–1.46) | 0.015 |
| ICU beds occupancya (%) | 59.2 (49.6–73.8) | 1.00 (0.99–1.00) | 0.327 |
| Interaction term: SAPS II × Elixhauser comorbidity index | 0.96 (0.95–0.97) | < 0.001 | |
OR = odds ratio, SAPS II = Simplified Acute Physiology Score II.
aMedian (Q1–Q3).
bThe SAPS II was recorded at ICU admission.
cLife-sustaining medical procedures related to organ failures were recorded at ICU admission or during the ICU stay.
A total of 428,687 noncoronavirus disease 2019 patients from 641 hospitals were analyzed. Using multivariable logistic regression model (with a robust error variance) accounting for patient clustering within hospitals and other confounders, we estimated adjusted ORs with their 95% CIs.