Table 1. Distribution of adolescents in relation to common mental disorders, sociodemographic characteristics, nutritional status, and lifestyle characteristics.
Study of Cardiovascular Risks in Adolescents (ERICA), Brazil, 2013–2014.
| Variables | All | Common mental disorders prevalence | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| % | CI 95% | % | CI 95% | p-value | |
| Sociodemographic characteristics | |||||
| Sex | <0.001 | ||||
| Female | 49.8 | * | 38.3 | 37.0–39.6 | |
| Male | 50.2 | * | 20.9 | 19.7–22.2 | |
| Age range | <0.001 | ||||
| 12 to 14 | 52.7 | * | 26.3 | 25.0–27.5 | |
| 15 to 17 | 47.3 | * | 33.2 | 31.9–34.6 | |
| Race/color † | <0.05 | ||||
| White | 40.1 | 38.4–41.7 | 29.2 | 27.6–30.8 | |
| Black or brown | 57.2 | 55.5–58.8 | 29.4 | 28.4–30.4 | |
| Asian or indigenous | 2.8 | 2.5–3.1 | 34.9 | 31.4–38.4 | |
| Administrative dependence of the school | 0.621 | ||||
| Public | 82.6 | 78.3–86.8 | 29.5 | 28.4–30.6 | |
| Private | 17.4 | 13.2–21.7 | 29.9 | 28.7–31.0 | |
| Nutritional status ‡ | <0.05 | ||||
| Underweight | 0.4 | 0.3–0.6 | 13.8 | 8.0–19.7 | |
| Adequate | 74 | 73.0–75.1 | 29.5 | 28.3–30.6 | |
| Overweight | 17.1 | 16.3–17.9 | 30.7 | 29.2–32.3 | |
| Obesity | 8.4 | 7.9–8.9 | 28.9 | 26.2–31.6 | |
| Lifestyle characteristics | |||||
| Consumption of ultra-processed foods (grams/kcal) | <0.05 | ||||
| Quartile 1 | 24.2 | 22.8–25.6 | 27.9 | 26.0–29.8 | |
| Quartile 2 | 23.3 | 22.6–24.1 | 28.0 | 26.2–29.8 | |
| Quartile 3 | 25.2 | 24.3–26.1 | 30.5 | 29.0–32.1 | |
| Quartile 4 | 27.3 | 26.2–28.5 | 31.5 | 30.2–32.8 | |
| Consumption of unprocessed or minimally processed foods (grams/kcal) | <0.001 | ||||
| Quartile 1 | 24.4 | 23.1–25.6 | 33.0 | 31.4–34.5 | |
| Quartile 2 | 24.2 | 23.5–25.0 | 29.8 | 28.2–31.3 | |
| Quartile 3 | 24.4 | 23.7–25.1 | 28.0 | 26.7–29.4 | |
| Quartile 4 | 27.0 | 25.4–28.6 | 27.7 | 25.6–29.8 | |
| Water consumption | <0.001 | ||||
| Does not drink water | 1.5 | 1.3–1.7 | 55.7 | 50.1–61.3 | |
| 1 to 2 glasses a day | 18.7 | 17.8–19.5 | 36.7 | 34.6–38.8 | |
| 3 to 4 glasses a day | 31.6 | 30.6–32.5 | 29.2 | 27.6–30.9 | |
| 5 or more glasses a day | 48.2 | 47.1–49.4 | 26.2 | 25.0–27.4 | |
| Consumption of alcoholic beverages | <0.001 | ||||
| Never had an alcoholic beverage | 52.6 | 51.7–53.5 | 23.8 | 22.8–24.9 | |
| Did not drink in the last 30 days | 25.2 | 24.3–26.1 | 31.9 | 30.2–33.7 | |
| Less than 1 glass or dose | 4.6 | 4.2–5.0 | 34.7 | 29.8–39.7 | |
| 1 glass or dose | 5.5 | 4.8–6.1 | 39.1 | 34.8–43.4 | |
| 2 glasses or doses | 3.6 | 3.3–3.9 | 42.8 | 38.2–47.5 | |
| 3 glasses or doses | 2.5 | 2.2–2.8 | 46.2 | 41.0–51,5 | |
| 4 glasses or doses | 2.1 | 1.9–2.4 | 40.3 | 35.0–45.6 | |
| 5 or more glasses or doses | 3.9 | 3.5–4.2 | 43.4 | 39.5–47.2 | |
| Adequate sleep § | <0.001 | ||||
| No | 54.3 | 52.9–55.6 | 32.4 | 31.3–33.5 | |
| Yes | 45.7 | 44.4–47.1 | 26.2 | 24.9–27.5 | |
| Physically active || | <0.001 | ||||
| Inactive | 26.6 | 25.8–27.4 | 36.4 | 35.2–37.6 | |
| Insufficiently active | 27.7 | 26.7–28.6 | 28.1 | 26.2–30.0 | |
| Active | 45.7 | 44.7–46.7 | 26.5 | 25.1–27.8 | |
| Smoking | <0.001 | ||||
| Never smoked | 84.4 | 83.6–85.2 | 29.5 | 28.6–30.3 | |
| Did not smoke in the last 30 days | 11.2 | 10.5–11.8 | 48.4 | 42.8–54.0 | |
| Less than 1 cigarette a day | 1.4 | 1.2–1.6 | 27.0 | 26.1–28.0 | |
| 1 cigarette a day | 1.2 | 1.0–1.4 | 42.1 | 40.2–43.9 | |
| 2 to 5 cigarettes a day | 1.2 | 1.0–1.3 | 44.1 | 37.0–51,2 | |
| 6 to 10 cigarettes a day | 0.4 | 0.3–0.5 | 41.3 | 32.8–49.7 | |
| More than 11 cigarettes a day | 0.3 | 0.2–0.4 | 42.8 | 30.0–59.7 | |
CI, Confidence interval.
*Variables used to calculate the natural weights and calibration factors of the sample.
†Not reported by 1,867 adolescents.
‡ Underweight, z-scores <-2; adequate, z-scores ≥-2 and ≤1; overweight, z-scores >1 and ≤2; obesity, z-scores >2).
§No, <8 hours or ≥11 hours/day; Yes, ≥ 8 and < 11 hours/day.
¶ Inactive (0 minutes/week); insufficiently active (1–299 minutes/week); active (300 or more minutes/week).