Figure 4.

Determination of wound hydroxyproline production as an indicator of collagen levels measured at the end of Day 14 following administration of three different postbiotics cold creams (Lactobacillus fermentum postbiotic cold cream, Lactobacillus Reuteri postbiotic cold cream, or Bacillus subtilis sp. natto postbiotic cold cream), cold cream without postbiotics, and no treatment (control) on the excised wounds in rat model. Result values are expressed as means ± standard deviation. ^∗∗∗∗P value < 0.0001, ^∗∗∗P value < 0.001, and ^∗P value < 0.05; ns denotes not significant compared to untreated wound tissue. ^###P value < 0.001 and ^#P value < 0.05.