Table 1.

Comparison of risk factors, symptoms, mechanisms and pathological features between OA and RA [215].

	OA	RA
Risk factor	Aging, excess loading, obesity	Autoimmune abnormality
Symptom	Joint swelling, pain, temporary joint stiffness, joint movement limitation, joint locking, joint deformity	Multiple joint swelling, continuous joint stiffness
Mechanism	Biomechanical disorder, inflammation, and chondrocyte aging commonly contribute to OA progression, causing cartilage matrix deterioration	Autoimmune disorder leads to synovial inflammation, and pannus erodes cartilage and subchondral bone
Pathological feature