Figure 5.

Training downregulates hepatic transcripts related to glucose oxidation and fatty acid synthesis in high-energy diet-fed mice. A-C: Significantly different transcripts in livers when comparing (A) sedentary HED-fed and sedentary control-fed mice (HED_SED/CON_SED), (B) trained HED-fed and trained control-fed mice (HED_TRAIN/CON_TRAIN), and (C) trained and sedentary HED-fed mice (p < 0.05 according to limma t-test, no correction for multiple testing). Data are plotted by p-values versus fold changes between groups. Transcripts from enriched KEGG categories (Table S3) with fold change <0.8 or >1.3 were colored: Green dots = fatty acid metabolism/fatty acid synthesis, red = peroxisomal proteins, light blue = glycolysis, purple = pyruvate metabolism, dark blue = ketogenesis. A. Two data points with significant increase >16-fold are outside the axis limits (Cyp2b9, Cfd) C. One data point with non-significant fold change is outside the axis limits. D. Upstream regulators inhibited in HED_TRAIN vs. HED_SED based on Ingenuity upstream regulator analysis of differentially regulated transcripts. z-Scores below −2 were considered significant. E. Abundance of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) transcripts. The mean ± SD values for n = 6–8 are shown. ∗p < 0.05, ∗∗p < 0.01, ∗∗∗p < 0.001, ∗∗∗∗p < 0.0001 for diet, training or interaction by two-way ANOVA as indicated. ∗p < 0.05, ∗∗p < 0.01, ∗∗∗p < 0.001, ∗∗∗∗p < 0.0001 for diet by Tukey HSD multiple comparisons test. CON = control diet, HED = high-energy diet, SED = sedentary, TRAIN = treadmill training.