Table 1.

Trabecular bone architecture and cortical bone mechanical properties.

	Young – Con	Young – Ad	Aging – Con	Aging - Ad	Disease p-value	Age p-value	Disease x Age p-value
Trabecular bone volume/tissue volume (%)	6.3±1.1	5.1±1.7	5.4±1.9	4.6±1.9	0.299	0.130	0.706
Trabecular thickness (mm)	0.04±0.01^ab	0.05±0.01^b	0.04±0.003^a	0.04±0.003^ab	0.024	0.018	0.019
Trabecular spacing (mm)	0.25±0.02^b	0.33±0.04^b	0.27±0.03^a	0.34±0.06^a	0.231	<0.0001	<0.0001
Trabecular number (1/mm)	1.49±0.28	1.10±0.43	1.45±0.44	1.09±0.45	0.882	0.018	0.936
Ultimate Force (N)	14.7±1.6^a	8.3±1.0^bc	10.3±4.0^b	5.6±2.0^c	<0.0001	0.003	0.395
Total Displacement (μm)	917±387^a	1075±467^a	463±172^b	455±211^b	0.582	0.001	0.544
Stiffness (N/mm)	82.57±16.83^a	40.91±15.44^b	68.73±20.71^a	36.45±9.44^b	<0.0001	0.195	0.5
Total Work (mJ)	8.08±2.62^a	5.45±3.15^ab	3.34±2.01^bc	1.48±1.14^c	0.03	<0.0001	0.696
Ultimate Stress (MPa)	167±53^a	90±22^b	98±27^b	66±24^b	0.002	0.005	0.153
Modulus (GPa)	11.0±3.8^a	4.6±2.1^b	7.2±2.2^b	4.5±1.2^b	0.089	<0.0001	0.107
Resilience (MPa)	1.04±0.57^a	0.41±0.32^b	0.51±0.25^b	0.14±0.05^b	0.004	0.018	0.406
Toughness (MPa)	7.37±2.12^a	5.38±2.20^a	2.94±1.51^b	1.69±1.41^b	0.045	<0.0001	0.632

Data provided as mean ± standard deviation. Groups with different letter notations are statistically different from each other (p<0.05).