Fig. 4. Estimated timing of admixture for 20 Kulubnarti Nubians with direct ¹⁴C dates.

Individuals are ordered from most to least amount of West Eurasian-related ancestry; maroon and blue circles represent individuals buried in the R and S cemeteries, respectively; location of the circles indicates mean estimate of admixture using DATES and determined with calibrated ¹⁴C date, gray horizontal bars indicate 95% CI of admixture date estimate in years BCE/CE. 95% CI of the average timing of admixture at Kulubnarti (111–265 CE) and dates of use of Kulubnarti R and S cemeteries (~650–1000 CE) shown in shaded areas. Data in Supplementary Data 11.