Table 2.

Univariable and multivariable analyses of the influencing factors of non-prescription use of antibiotics for cough

	Crude OR (95% CI)	P value	Adjusted OR (95% CI)	P value
Child’s characteristic
Female sex (vs male)	0.95 (0.61 to 1.45)	0.360	0.93 (0.59 to 1.46)	0.756
Age (every 1-year increase)	1.02 (0.87 to 1.19)	0.815	0.97 (0.83 to 1.15)	0.753
Rural residence	0.80 (0.51 to 1.25)	0.336	0.81 (0.51 to 1.28)	0.375
Cough duration, weeks
<1	1.00 (ref)		1.00 (ref)
1–2	1.57 (0.98 to 2.49)	0.059	1.73 (1.03 to 2.90)	0.037
3–4	1.86 (0.89 to 3.61)	0.079	2.39 (1.08 to 4.97)	0.024
>4	0.47 (0.03 to 2.25)	0.457	0.54 (0.03 to 2.85)	0.559
Accompanying symptoms(vs not)
Expectoration	1.23 (0.79 to 1.89)	0.355	1.22 (0.76 to 1.94)	0.400
Fever	0.62 (0.32 to 1.12)	0.140	0.75 (0.37 to 1.41)	0.397
Runny nose	1.60 (0.99 to 2.68)	0.064	1.86 (1.13 to 3.19)	0.018
Hospital visit	0.41 (0.26 to 0.62)	<0.01	0.29 (0.18 to 0.47)	<0.01
Caregiver’s characteristic
Relationship
Mother	1.00 (ref)		1.00 (ref)
Father	0.53 (0.26 to 0.96)	0.049	0.59 (0.29 to 1.11)	0.125
Others	0.43 (0.19 to 0.85)	0.026	0.64 (0.26 to 1.40)	0.295
Education level
Primary school and lower	1.00 (ref)		1.00 (ref)
Middle school	2.11 (0.86 to 5.19)	0.106	1.62 (0.65 to 4.64)	0.327
High school	2.03 (0.81 to 5.12)	0.133	1.58 (0.59 to 4.79)	0.379
College and higher	2.29 (0.94 to 5.55)	0.067	2.00 (0.75 to 5.97)	0.183
Annual income, RMB
<¥50 000	1.00 (ref)		1.00 (ref)
¥50 000~¥99 999	2.69 (1.43 to 5.62)	0.004	4.44 (1.52 to 18.95)	0.017
¥100 000~¥199 999	2.31 (1.24 to 4.79)	0.015	2.52 (0.84 to 10.92)	0.145
¥200 000~¥499 999	2.19 (1.09 to 4.79)	0.036	1.56 (0.44 to 7.32)	0.633
≥¥500 000	1.51 (0.46 to 4.34)	0.461	1.31 (0.16 to 8.66)	0.861
Unknown	1.39 (0.07 to 7.69)	0.759	3.27 (0.15 to 31.99)	0.437