Table 2.
Adjusted cause-specific and excess hospitalisation (absolute difference) rates per 10 000 person-years in 2003 and 2018 in men and women with and without diabetes
|
2003 |
2018 |
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hospitalisations in the diabetes population | Hospitalisations in the non-diabetes population | Excess hospitalisation | Hospitalisations in the diabetes population | Hospitalisations in the non-diabetes population | Excess hospitalisation | ||
| Men | |||||||
| Vascular diseases | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Ischemic heart disease | 278·4 (269·0–287·9) | 139·5 (134·3–144·5) | 138·9 | 197·8 (192·6–203·1) | 99·1 (96·3–101·9) | 98·7 | |
| Stroke | 70·6 (66·1–75·2) | 46·1 (43·0–49·2) | 24·5 | 55·0 (52·4–57·7) | 35·9 (34·2–37·7) | 19·1 | |
| Acute myocardial infarction | 78·2 (73·3–83·1) | 45·5 (42·5–48·6) | 32·6 | 59·2 (56·4–62·0) | 34·5 (32·8–36·2) | 24·7 | |
| Cancers | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Diabetes-related cancers | 46·3 (43·8–48·8) | 25·8 (24·1–27·4) | 20·5 | 44·9 (42·6–47·3) | 20·2 (19·0–21·4) | 24·7 | |
| Non-diabetes-related cancers | 238·9 (233·6–244·3) | 197·8 (193·2–202·3) | 41·2 | 335·4 (328·7–342·0) | 245·7 (241·0–250·4) | 89·7 | |
| Diabetes | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Diabetes | 165·1 (156·5–173·8) | 7·1 (6·3–7·9) | 158·0 | 75·5 (72·3–78·8) | 3·2 (2·9–3·6) | 72·3 | |
| Hyperglycaemic crisis | 54·4 (50·1–58·6) | 20·6 (18·8–22·3) | 33·8 | 76·0 (72·8–79·2) | 28·8 (27·2–30·3) | 47·2 | |
| Amputations | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Major Amputations | 16·9 (14·1–19·7) | 0·5 (0·3–0·8) | 16·4 | 6·2 (5·4–7·0) | 0·2 (0·1–0·3) | 6·0 | |
| Minor Amputations | 20·9 (17·9–24·0) | 0·3 (0·2–0·5) | 20·6 | 14·4 (13·1–15·6) | 0·2 (0·1–0·3) | 14·2 | |
| Skin and bone infections | 57·6 (55·1–60·1) | 23·8 (22·1–25·6) | 33·8 | 66·6 (64·2–69·0) | 35·9 (33·7–38·1) | 30·7 | |
| Infections | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Respiratory infections | 64·6 (62·1–67·0) | 44·3 (42·3–46·4) | 20·2 | 172·4 (167·6–177·2) | 96·7 (93·5–99·8) | 75·8 | |
| Kidney infections | 75·4 (72·6–78·2) | 38·0 (36·0–40·0) | 37·4 | 108·4 (105·0–111·8) | 54·5 (52·2–56·7) | 53·9 | |
| Sepsis | 13·5 (11·6–15·5) | 6·7 (5·7–7·8) | 6·8 | 115·6 (110·5–120·7) | 57·5 (54·7–60·3) | 58·1 | |
| Respiratory, renal, and liver diseases | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Respiratory disease (non-infectious, non-cancerous) | 162·1 (157·7–166·6) | 112·6 (109·0–116·2) | 49·5 | 179·3 (174·8–183·8) | 114·3 (111·1–117·5) | 65·0 | |
| Renal disease | 59·0 (56·6–61·4) | 34·3 (32·4–36·2) | 24·7 | 102·0 (98·7–105·4) | 49·6 (47·3–51·8) | 52·5 | |
| Chronic kidney disease | 21·9 (20·4–23·5) | 13·6 (11·7–15·6) | 8·3 | 18·0 (17·0–19·0) | 10·1 (8·8–11·4) | 7·9 | |
| Liver disease | 18·2 (15·8–20·6) | 5·6 (4·8–6·4) | 12·6 | 25·9 (23·6–28·1) | 8·0 (7·2–8·7) | 17·9 | |
| Women | |||||||
| Vascular diseases | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Ischemic heart disease | 179·8 (171·7–187·9) | 92·0 (87·4–96·5) | 87·9 | 118·3 (114·0–122·5) | 60·5 (58·2–62·8) | 57·8 | |
| Stroke | 69·1 (64·4–73·9) | 45·4 (42·1–48·7) | 23·8 | 53·5 (50·7–56·4) | 35·1 (33·3–37·0) | 18·4 | |
| Acute myocardial infarction | 54·2 (49·8–58·6) | 31·5 (28·7–34·3) | 22·7 | 33·9 (31·7–36·1) | 19·7 (18·3–21·1) | 14·2 | |
| Cancers | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Diabetes-related cancers | 75·1 (71·7–78·5) | 46·9 (44·7–49·1) | 28·2 | 80·9 (77·3–84·5) | 50·4 (48·3–52·6) | 30·5 | |
| Non-diabetes-related cancers | 159·3 (154·7–163·9) | 135·8 (132·0–139·7) | 23·5 | 229·7 (223·7–235·7) | 166·1 (162·0–170·3) | 63·6 | |
| Diabetes | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Diabetes | 164·3 (154·6–174·0) | 4·9 (4·2–5·6) | 159·4 | 57·3 (54·5–60·0) | 1·7 (1·5–2·0) | 55·6 | |
| Hyperglycaemic crisis | 74·9 (69·6–80·2) | 28·8 (26·6–31·0) | 46·1 | 94·7 (90·8–98·6) | 36·4 (34·6–38·2) | 58·3 | |
| Amputations | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Major Amputations | 9·3 (7·0–11·6) | 0·3 (0·1–0·5) | 9·0 | 2·1 (1·7–2·6) | 0·1 (0·0–0·1) | 2·1 | |
| Minor Amputations | 10·4 (8·1–12·8) | 0·3 (0·1–0·5) | 10·1 | 5·2 (4·4–6·0) | 0·1 (0·1–0·2) | 5·0 | |
| Skin and bone infections | 55·1 (52·4–57·7) | 25·6 (23·6–27·5) | 29·5 | 52·2 (49·8–54·5) | 30·0 (28·1–32·0) | 22·1 | |
| Infections | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Respiratory infections | 59·4 (57·0–61·8) | 38·4 (36·4–40·4) | 21·0 | 174·0 (168·6–179·4) | 97·7 (94·2–101·2) | 76·3 | |
| Kidney infections | 133·8 (129·8–137·9) | 69·2 (66·3–72·1) | 64·7 | 144·1 (140·1–148·2) | 83·1 (80·1–86·1) | 61·0 | |
| Sepsis | 13·8 (11·7–15·9) | 6·6 (5·6–7·6) | 7·2 | 103·7 (98·5–108·8) | 49·7 (46·9–52·5) | 54·0 | |
| Respiratory, renal, and liver diseases | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Respiratory disease (non-infectious, non-cancerous) | 163·0 (158·3–167·7) | 100·4 (97·0–103·8) | 62·6 | 204·4 (199·0–209·8) | 110·9 (107·5–114·3) | 93·5 | |
| Renal disease | 43·9 (41·8–46·0) | 18·7 (17·3–20·1) | 25·2 | 82·2 (79·1–85·4) | 40·8 (38·5–43·2) | 41·4 | |
| Chronic kidney disease | 19·4 (17·8–21·1) | 7·3 (5·8–8·7) | 12·1 | 13·0 (12·1–13·9) | 4·9 (3·9–5·8) | 8·1 | |
| Liver disease | 9·7 (8·8–11·6) | 3·3 (2·7–4·0) | 6·4 | 18·2 (16·3–20·2) | 6·3 (5·6–7·0) | 11·9 | |
Data are rate per 10 000 (95% CI) or rate per 10 000. Condition groups are mutually exclusive (appendix p 1–2; eg, respiratory includes all respiratory diseases excluding respiratory infections and cancers). The reported rates in 2003 and 2018 correspond to a population that has the same age distribution as the entire sample, those with and without diabetes, over the entire analysis period.