TABLE 2.
Wireless motility capsule measurements of gastrointestinal transit times and contractility parameters: A comparison between diabetes patients with constipation, without constipation and healthy controls
| Variable, unit | Diabetes | Healthy controls | p‐value | Correlation | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Constipation | No constipation | p‐value | r s | p‐value | |||
| Transit times, h:min | |||||||
| Gastric emptying | 4:17 (15:52) | 4:30 (24:51) | 0.99 | 2:58 (1:24) | <0.001 a | −0.12 | 0.38 |
| Small bowel | 5:08 (1:51) | 4:18 (2:46) | 0.28 | 4:13 (1:37) | 0.16 | 0.15 | 0.27 |
| Colon, mean (SD) | 47:48 (38:00) | 45:59 (33:23) | 0.96 | 28:27 (16:21) | 0.01 b | 0.11 r | 0.42 |
| Whole gut, mean (SD) | 66:15 (38:23) | 71:16 (36:33) | 0.69 | 35:55 (16:54) | <0.001 c | −0.05 r | 0.70 |
| Motility index, mmHg × s/min | |||||||
| Small bowel (total) | 129.6 (120.4) | 143.4 (154.2) | 0.50 | 111.0 (49.5) | 0.29 | −0.32 | 0.01 |
| Duodenum | 85.3 (72.2) | 86.3 (123.5) | 0.82 | 63.9 (56.5) | 0.33 | −0.25 | 0.06 |
| Ileum | 146.0 (144.8) | 193.3 (306.8) | 0.61 | 182.0 (166.3) | 0.88 | −0.21 | 0.13 |
| Colon (total) | 132.7 (119.7) | 163.3 (173.2) | 0.51 | 160.9 (151.5) | 0.71 | −0.14 | 0.29 |
| Caecum | 104.4 (135.6) | 92.9 (106.5) | 0.90 | 92.1 (159.0) | 0.98 | −0.11 | 0.42 |
| Rectum | 364.0 (435.0) | 246.1 (302.7) | 0.36 | 336.5 (403.9) | 0.34 | 0.13 | 0.35 |
| Contractions per minute, number | |||||||
| Small bowel (total) | 3.8 (2.8) | 3.9 (3.2) | 0.99 | 3.2 (1.1) | 0.77 | −0.19 | 0.17 |
| Duodenum | 2.9 (1.6) | 2.9 (3.2) | 0.80 | 2.2 (1.9) | 0.83 | −0.27 | 0.047 |
| Ileum, mean (SD) | 4.9 (2.2) | 4.4 (2.5) | 0.47 | 4.7 (1.9) | 0.70 | 0.002 r | 0.99 |
| Colon (total) | 1.5 (1.0) | 1.3 (1.0) | 0.57 | 1.8 (0.7) | 0.21 | −0.08 | 0.55 |
| Caecum | 2.5 (2.6) | 2.5 (2.2) | 0.93 | 3.5 (3.0) | 0.22 | −0.13 | 0.33 |
| Rectum, mean (SD) | 2.4 (1.2) | 1.9 (1.0) | 0.15 | 2.5 (1.1) | 0.08 | 0.15 r | 0.27 |
Note: Results are given as median (IQR) unless otherwise indicated. Correlations are examined between the continuous GSRS constipation score and each wireless motility capsule variable. Correlation coefficients are given as Spearman's r s unless marked by r, indicating Pearson's product‐moment correlation (r). Sub‐group analyses are corrected for multiple comparisons.
Abbreviations: GSRS, Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale; IQR, interquartile range; SD, standard deviation.
Faster gastric emptying time in healthy controls than in diabetes patients with constipation (p = 0.003) and without constipation (p < 0.001).
Faster colonic transit time in healthy controls than in diabetes patients without constipation (p = 0.01), but not compared with patients with constipation (p = 0.18).
Faster whole‐gut transit time in healthy controls than in diabetes patients with constipation (p = 0.03) and without constipation (p < 0.001).