Table 10.
The Effect of Growth Hormone Therapy on Emotional Functioning and Depression of Patients after Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI)
| Author | Design | Severity | No. of patients with treatment | No. of patients without treatment | Treatment beginning and length (months) | BDI | Zhang scale | p value in the treated group from baseline | p value between treated and untreated groups |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| High et al.30 | RCT | Moderate-to-severe. GCS: 5.8 (SD: 3.4) | 12 | 11 | Chronic, 12 | X | n.s. | n.s. | |
| Mossberg et al.34 | Open label study | Moderate-severe | 15 | Chronic, 12 | X | <0.05 | |||
| Maric et al.38 | Case series | Moderate-to severe. GCS: 8-10 | 4 | 2 | Chronic, 6 | X | Improvement |
To assess emotional functioning and depression the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI, a self-report assessing characteristic attitudes and symptoms of depression43 and the Zhang scale, which measures affective, psychological, and associated somatic symptoms) were used. Acute treatment was started within 1 month after TBI. Statistical significance is indicated at p < 0.05.
RCT, randomized controlled trial; n.s., non-significant; GCS, Glasgow Coma Scale; SD, standard deviation.