Table 6.
The Effect of Growth Hormone Therapy on Visuospatial Ability and Non-Verbal Memory of Patients after Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI)
| Author | Design | Severity | No. of patients with treatment | No. of patients without treatment | Treatment beginning and length (months) | Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure Test (ROCFT) | WAIS Perceptual performance, Block design, Matrix reasoning | Visuospatial memory | p value in the treated group from baseline | p value between treated and untreated groups |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| High et al.30 | RCT | Moderate-to-severe. GCS: 5.8 (SD: 3.4) | 12 | 11 | Chronic, 12 | X | X | n.s. | n.s. | |
| Reimunde et al.31 | Cohort study | No GCS assessed | 11 | 8 | Chronic, 3+cognitive therapy | X | 0.011 | |||
| Mossberg et al.34 | Open label study | Moderate-severe | 15 | Chronic, 12 | X | <0.053 | ||||
| Moreau et al.33 | Cohort study | All kind severities GCS: 8.1 (SD: 5.1) | 23 | 27 | Chronic, 12 | X | 0.048 | >0.05 | ||
| Maric et al.38 | Case series | Moderate-to-severe. GCS: 8-10 | 4 | 2 | Chronic, 6 | X | Improvement |
The visuospatial ability and non-verbal memory were assessed in three articles30,33,38 by the Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure Test (ROCFT) and the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS) to assess the perceptual organization. Acute treatment was started within 1 month after TBI. Statistical significance is indicated at p < 0.05.
RCT, randomized controlled trial; n.s., non-significant; GCS, Glasgow Coma Scale, SD, standard deviation.