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. 2021 Dec 1;12:756580. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.756580

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Copyright © 2021 Zhang, Wang, Wang, Sun, Li, Chen, Wang and Wang.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Experimental acquisition of colistin resistance and its biological effects on CR-hvKP. (A) Experimental evolution of colistin resistance under tigecycline pressure. (B) Experimental evolution of colistin resistance under colistin pressure. (C) Growth curve for parental strain C1398 and its mutants. Similar kinetics were observed for the parent strain, C1398, and mutants C1398 C-1 (p = 0.639) and C1398 T-2 (p = 0.8551), while significant differences in growth kinetics were observed for C1398 C-2 (p = 0.0028) and C1398 T-1 (p = 0.0017) when compared to the parental control. Data are presented as the mean ± standard deviation of three independent experiments. (D) Changes in the in vivo virulence of these resistant strains as evidenced by the Galleria mellonella larvae infection model. G. mellonella mortality was evaluated over a 72 h period.