Table 4.

Between-groups results (walking adaptability)

Outcome	(n: CT, FP)	CT	FP	Difference between groups (mean difference, p value, effect size)
10MWT context (1–10)	T0 (14,16)	5.59 ± 2.43	4.97 ± 2.21	0.62, 0.47, 0.09a
	T1–T0 (12,16)*	0.49 ± 1.03	0.27 ± 1.79	0.22, 0.58, 0.01b
	T2–T0 (10,16)*	0.26 ± 1.53	0.23 ± 1.94	0.03, 0.48, 0.02b
	T3–T0 (7,15)*	0.37 ± 1.68	0.07 ± 2.70	0.30, 0.69, 0.00b
10MWT context with cognitive task (1–10)	T0 (14,16)	5.31 ± 2.29	4.36 ± 2.03	0.95, 0.24, 0.22a
	T1–T0 (13,16)*	0.42 ± 1.19	0.16 ± 1.33	0.26, 0.45, 0.02b
	T2–T0 (10,16)*	− 0.38 ± 1.15	0.34 ± 1.93	− 0.72, 0.20, 0.07b
	T3–T0 (7,15)*	0.17 ± 1.91	0.28 ± 2.53	− 0.11, 0.81, 0.00b
IWW obstacles (1–10)	T0 (14,14)*	5.96 ± 3.52	6.25 ± 3.51	− 0.29, 0.83, 0.04a
	T1–T0 (11,14)*	3.09 ± 2.56	2.11 ± 2.31	0.98, 0.59, 0.01b
	T2–T0 (8,13)*	2.81 ± 2.55	1.58 ± 2.24	0.60, 0.79, 0.00b
	T3–T0 (6,10)*	3.42 ± 3.68	0.9 ± 3.06	2.52, 0.93, 0.00b
IWW obstacles with cognitive task (1–10)	T0 (14,14)*	4.75 ± 3.71	5.21 ± 2.96	− 0.46, 0.72, 0.07a
	T1–T0 (11,14)*	1.95 ± 1.67	0.82 ± 2.25	1.13, 0.25, 0.06b
	T2–T0 (8,13)*	3.50 ± 2.33	1.58 ± 1.30	1.92, 0.11, 0.14b
	T3–T0 (6,10)*	1.42 ± 2.71	1.05 ± 3.55	0.37, 0.28, 0.09b

Mean difference represents the difference between groups (CT–FP) at T0 and mean differences in change values at T1, T2, and T3. p values were obtained using ^aIndependent t-test or ^bANCOVA with baseline performance as covariate. *Some participants were excluded (see degrees of freedom) due to technical problems with the IWW and/or video footage