Table 6.
Intergroup comparisons of participants stratified by CAVI (n = 525)
| Variables | Healthy n = 245 (46.7%) |
Borderline n = 187 (35.6%) |
ASCVD n = 93 (17.7%) |
P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Periodontal parameters | ||||
| Number of teeth | 27.4 (6.9) | 25.6 (4.8)*** | 23.2 (6.9)*** | < 0.001† |
| PPD (mm) | 2.7 (0.5) | 2.8 (0.6) | 2.9 (0.7) | 0.016† |
| BOP sites / mouth | 18.4 (22.0) | 17.7 (21.0) | 13.5 (16.0) | 0.059† |
| PESA (mm2) | 1399.0 (274.6) | 1385.6 (346.5) | 1247.8 (359.6)*** | 0.001† |
| PISA (mm2) | 201.5 (262.2) | 210.9 (297.7) | 157.4 (195.9) | 0.141† |
| Health examination | ||||
| Age | 45.9 (7.7) | 56.6 (8.5)*** | 64.2 (6.4)*** | < 0.001† |
| Weight (kg) | 69.1 (11.9) | 66.6 (10.5)* | 65.5 (9.8)* | 0.009† |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 23.6 (3.4) | 23.9 (3.1) | 23.3 (2.7) | 0.335† |
| Triglyceride (mg/dL) | 116.7 (73.6) | 130.5 (108.7) | 127.6 (87.1) | 0.251† |
| LDL (mg/dL) | 123.3 (27.9) | 119.7 (28.7) | 118.0 (27.0) | 0.200¶ |
| HDL (mg/dL) | 60.4 (14.7) | 58.5 (15.1) | 60.7 (16.6) | 0.375¶ |
| FBG (mg/dL) | 100.5 (8.4) | 110.7 (21.2)*** | 118.1 (20.4)*** | < 0.001† |
| HbA1c (%) | 5.38 (0.20) | 5.84 (0.76)*** | 5.95 (0.68)*** | < 0.001† |
| % FEV1 | 80.2 (6.3) | 79.0 (6.2)* | 76.7 (7.6)*** | < 0.001† |
| CAVI | 7.2 (0.5) | 8.4 (0.3)*** | 9.5 (0.5)*** | < 0.001† |
| Smoking (n, (%)) | 0.001§ | |||
| Never | 110 (44.9) | 70 (37.4) | 36 (38.7) | |
| Former | 65 (26.5) | 69 (36.9) | 45 (48.4) | |
| Current | 70 (28.6) | 48 (25.7) | 12 (12.9) | |
| Occlusal function (Total n = 403) | ||||
| n | 186 | 140 | 77 | |
| Bite force (N) | 456.3 (256.6) | 357.8 (199.2)*** | 316.0 (200.0)*** | < 0.001† |
Data are shown as means ± SD. P value was calculated from one way analysis of variance (ANOVA) ¶ or Kruskal–Wallis tests for continuous variables or Pearson’s chi-squared tests§ for categorical variables
*p < 0.05, ***p < 0.001 vs. healthy group