Table 1.

Steps of exemplary patient scenario (excerpt). The typical duration at each step is given in minutes. The parameter range describes how much the duration can differ between cases by giving a lower and upper boundary

Step	Process	Purpose	Task	Duration [min]	Range [min]
1	Reception &		Enters Hospital	0	0
2	Admission to Ward	Reception and registration in clinic	Walks to Ward	5	3–10
3			Checks in	5	3–10
4			Enters Room	5	2–10
5			Returns to Reception	5	2–10
6			Walks to Administration	5	3–10
7			Waiting room of Administration	10	5–30
8			Registration to Clinic	15	10–20
9			Returns to Ward	5	3–10
10			Intake by Nurse	15	10–30
11			Return to Room	5	2–5
12	Intake interview and primary assessment	Assessment of existing data	Walks to Physician	5	2–5
13		Information on process/treatment	Intake/Interview by Physician	25	15–40
14		Blood test	Information on planned diagnostics	10	5–15
15			Blood Sampling	5	5
16			Return to Room	5	2–5
…	…	…	…	…	…
64	Transfer to OR/Operation	Operation	Transfer to Reception	10	5
65			Transfer to OR	10	5–15
…	…	…	…	…	…
71			Transfer to wake-up/observation room	15	5–20
72	Retransfer to ICU	Post OR observation	Transfer to ICU	10	5–15
73	Return to Ward		Transfer to ward	5	5–15
74			Transfer to Room	5	2–5
75	Check in Radiology	Examination of lung status	Transfer to Reception	5	2–5
76			Transfer to Radiology	5	3–10
77			Radiology Waiting Room	10	5–15
78			Chest X Ray	5	=
79			Transfer to Ward	5	3–10
80			Transfer to Room	5	2–5
…	…	…	…	…	…
95	Exit		Leaves Hospital	5	5–10