Table 2.

Self-reported EQ-5D scores after age standardization, mean EQ VAS, EQ Index and proportions (%) of respondents scoring any problem.

EQ-5D	German population norms	Sample	p
Mobility	17.2%	23.1% [17.5, 29.4]	0.032*
Self-care	3.1%	26.4% [20.6, 33.0]	<0.001***
Usual activities	10.5%	64.9% [58.0, 71.4]	<0.001***
Pain/ discomfort	27.8%	68.8% [62.0, 75.0]	<0.001***
Anxiety/depression	4.5%	88.0% [82.8, 92.1]	<0.001***
VAS	M = 77.2	M = 54.22 [51.45, 56.98]	<0.001***
Index	M = 0.90	M = 0.56 [0.53, 0.59]	<0.001***

n = 208. Square brackets indicate the 95% confidence interval; for details see text (Methods).

^* p < 0.05;

^** p < 0.01;

^***p < 0.001.