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. 2009 Jun 29;11(7):369–375. doi: 10.1111/j.1751-7176.2009.00140.x

Figure.

Figure

 Summary of the effects from various β‐blocker heart failure trials. Primary outcome in the Study of the Effects of Nebivolol Intervention on Outcomes and Rehospitalization in Seniors With Heart Failure (SENIORS) was defined as a composite of all‐cause mortality or cardiovascular hospital admission (time to first event). Mean age was 61 years in the Cardiac Insufficiency Bisoprolol Study II (CIBIS‐II); 63 years in the Carvedilol Prospective Randomized Cumulative Survival (COPERNICUS) trial; 64 years in the Metoprolol CR/XL Randomized Intervention Trial in Congestive Heart Failure (MERIT‐HF); and 76 years in SENIORS. LVEF indicates left ventricular ejection fraction; CI, confidence interval.