Table II.
Drug | β1/β2‐Selectivity | ISA | Lipophilicity | MSA | Ancillary Effects |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nonselective β‐adrenergic antagonists | |||||
Carteolol | 0 | + | Low | 0 | N/A |
Nadolol | 0 | 0 | Low | 0 | N/A |
Penbutolol | 0 | + | Moderate | 0 | N/A |
Pindolol | 0 | ++ | High | + | N/A |
Propranolol | 0 | 0 | High | ++ | N/A |
Sotalol | 0 | 0 | Low | 0 | Additional antiarrhythmic effects |
Timolol | 0 | 0 | High | 0 | N/A |
Selective β‐adrenergic antagonists | |||||
Acebutolol | + | + | Moderate | + | N/A |
Atenolol | + | 0 | Low | 0 | N/A |
Betaxolol | ++ | 0 | Moderate | 0 | N/A |
Bisoprolol | ++ | 0 | Moderate | 0 | N/A |
Esmolol (IV only) | ++ | 0 | Low | 0 | N/A |
Metoprolol | ++ | 0 | High | 0 | N/A |
α1‐Adrenergic and β‐adrenergic antagonists | |||||
Labetalol | + | 0 | Low | 0 | α1‐adrenergic–blocking activity; direct β2‐vasodilatory activity |
Carvedilol | 0 | 0 | Moderate | ++ | α1‐adrenergic–blocking activity; vasodilation |
Selective β‐adrenergic antagonists with ancillary properties | |||||
Nebivolol | +++ | 0 | Moderate | 0 | Endothelium‐dependent, NO‐mediated vasodilation |
Abbreviations: ISA, intrinsic sympathomimetic activity; IV, intravenous; MSA, membrane‐stabilizing activity; N/A, not applicable; NO, nitric oxide.