Table II.
The Mean (±SEM) Values of the Variables Measured in Men and Women Based on BP Status
| Variable | Normotensive Women (n=123–154) | Hypertensive Women (n=95–122) | Normotensive Men (n=114–126) | Hypertensive Men (n=100–125) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, y | 42±1 | 45±1b | 42±1 | 45±1b |
| Systolic BP/diastolic BP, mm Hg | 115±1/69±1 | 146±1/87±1 | 116±1/69±1 | 146±1/88±1 |
| Waist circumference, cm | 87±1 | 93±1c | 88±1 | 95±1c |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 28.9±0.4 | 30.3±0.4a | 26.6±0.3e | 28.8±0.4b,d |
| Percent body fat, % | 38.59±0.46 | 39.78±0.51 | 23.32±0.51e | 25.14±0.63a,e |
| Fasting glucose, mg/dL | 87±1 | 88±1 | 88±1 | 91±1a |
| Fasting insulin, μU/mL | 11.86±0.44 | 12.98±0.59 | 10.73±0.56d | 12.71±0.61b |
| Insulin resistance (HOMA‐IR) | 1.51±0.06 | 1.65±0.07 | 1.38±0.07 | 1.64±0.08b |
| HDL cholesterol, mg/dL | 47±1 | 48±2 | 47±1 | 43±1a,d |
| LDL cholesterol, mg/dL | 106±3 | 116±4a | 112±3 | 122±4a |
| Triglycerides, mg/dL | 79±3 | 100±7c | 98±4e | 112±7 |
| Plasma aldosterone, ng/dL | 5.9±0.5 | 8.2±0.5c | 6.3±0.4 | 8.6±0.6b |
| Plasma renin activity, ng/mL/h | 1.45±0.19 | 0.86±0.11a | 2.18±0.25e | 1.04±0.14c |
| 24‐h urine sodium, meq/24 h | 193±8 | 177±9 | 188±8 | 204±10 |
Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; HOMA‐IR, Homeostasis Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance; SEM, standard error of the mean. To convert high‐density lipoprotein (HDL) and low‐density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol to mmol/L, multiply by 0.0259; triglycerides to mmol/L, multiply by 0.0113; and plasma aldosterone to nmol/L, multiply by 0.0277. Significance between normotensives and hypertensives of the same sex: a P<.05, b P<.01, c P<.001. Significance between men and women in same blood pressure (BP) category: d P<.05, e P<.001.