Fig. 1. Plasma ELISAs and neutralizing activity.

a, Graph showing area under the curve (AUC) for plasma IgG binding to SARS-CoV-2 RBD after prime and 1.3 and 5 months (m) after the second vaccine dose for n = 32 paired samples. Samples without a prime value are shown in black. b, NT₅₀ values in plasma from pre-pandemic controls (Ctr, n = 3), convalescent individuals 1.3 months (ref. ³) and 6.2 months (ref. ⁷) after infection (grey), and vaccinated individuals (n = 32) after prime and 1.3 and 5 months after receiving two doses of mRNA vaccine. Samples without a prime value are shown in black. c, NT₅₀ values (y axis) versus age (x axis) in n = 32 individuals after prime (black) and 1.3 months (orange) or 5 months (green) after boosting with an mRNA vaccine. d, Graph showing NT₅₀ values (y axis) versus days after boost (x axis) in n = 32 individuals receiving two doses of an mRNA vaccine. Samples without a prime value are shown in black. e, Plasma neutralizing activity against the indicated SARS-CoV-2 variants of interest/concern (n = 15 paired samples at 1.3 and 5 months after full vaccination). Refer to the Methods for a list of all substitutions, deletions and insertions in the spike variants. All experiments were performed at least in duplicate. Red bars and values in a, b and e represent geometric mean values. Statistical significance in a, b and e was determined by two-tailed Kruskal–Wallis test with subsequent Dunn’s multiple-comparisons test and in c and d was determined by two-tailed Spearman correlation test.