Fig. 2. Treatment effects: controlling for covariates.
a–g, The horizontal axis indicates dates in 2020, and the vertical axis represents the coefficient estimates of the treatment variable. The vertical turquoise line corresponds to the survey date. The thick black line indicates the point estimates of the treatment variable’s coefficients, and the shaded gray area presents the 95% confidence intervals. Cluster-robust standard errors are utilized where clusters were a pair of matched municipalities and a municipality. a, 4 March. We did not draw the shaded gray area because the estimation procedure did not return the standard errors. b, 16 March. c, 6 April. d, 10 April. e, 16 April. f, 22 April. g, 11 May.