Table 1.
Baseline characteristics, type of stroke and comorbidity among 5065 patients with acute stroke.
| Characteristic | Original/imputed | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Original | Imputed | |||||
| Total | Non-fallers | Fallers | Total | Non-fallers | Fallers | |
| n = 4637 | n = 428 | n = 4637 | n = 428 | |||
| Age (years), median (min–max) (IQR) | 76 (20; 104) (67; 85) | 76 (20; 104) (67; 85) | 78 (32; 100) (70; 85) | 76 (20; 104) (67; 85) | 76 (20; 104) (67; 85) | 78 (32; 100) (70; 85) |
| Women | 2397 (47.3%) | 2243 (48.4%) | 154 (36.0%) | 2397 (47.3%) | 2243 (48.4%) | 154 (36.0%) |
| Type of stroke 490a, 490b | ||||||
| Haemorrhagic | 534 (11.7%) | 459 (11.0%) | 75 (19.3%) | 534 (11.7%) | 459 (11.0%) | 75 (19.3%) |
| Ischemic | 4041 (88.3%) | 3727 (89.0%) | 314 (80.7%) | 4041 (88.3%) | 3727 (89.0%) | 314 (80.7%) |
| Stroke severity (NIHSS total score) 2078a | 4.2 (5.7) | 4.0 (5.6) | 6.7 (6.5) | 5.2 (6.7) | 5.1(6.6) | 6.8 (6.8) |
| Mean (SD) | 2 (0; 32) | 2 (0; 32) | 4 (0; 24) | 2 (0; 32) | 2 (0; 32) | 4 (0; 30) |
| Median (min–max) (IQR) | (0; 6) | (0; 5) | (2; 10) | (0; 8) | (0; 7) | (1; 10) |
| Thrombolysis treatment 44a | 582 (11.6%) | 539 (11.7%) | 43 (10.1%) | 588 (11.6%) | 545 (11.8%) | 43 (10.0%) |
| Receiving thrombectomy 392a | 256 (5.5%) | 217 (5.0%) | 39 (10.4%) | 299 (5.9%) | 255 (5.5%) | 44 (10.3%) |
| Time to first assessment by a PT (min) | ||||||
| ≤ 24 h | 4036 (79.7%) | 3690 (79.6%) | 346 (80.8%) | 4098 (80.9%) | 3750 (80.9%) | 348 (81.3%) |
| > 24 men ≤ 48 h | 600 (11.8%) | 538 (11.6%) | 62 (14.5%) | 608 (12.0%) | 546 (11.8%) | 62 (14.5%) |
| > 48 h | 168 (3.3%) | 152 (3.3%) | 16 (3.7%) | 169 (3.3%) | 153 (3.3%) | 16 (3.7%) |
| No assessment | 186 (3.7%) | 184 (4.0%) | 2 (0.5%) | 190 (3.8%) | 188 (4.1%) | 2 (0.5%) |
| Unknown if assessed or not | 75 (1.5%) | 73 (1.6%) | 2 (0.5%) | |||
| Physical activity level (SGPALS) 1742a | ||||||
| (1) Physically inactive | 1840 (55.4%) | 1650 (54.4%) | 190 (65.7%) | 2848 (56.2%) | 2570 (55.4%) | 278 (65.0%) |
| (2) Some light physical activity | 1290 (38.8%) | 1205 (39.7%) | 85 (29.4%) | 1928 (38.1%) | 1801 (38.8%) | 127 (29.7%) |
| (3) Regular physical activity and training | 186 (5.6%) | 172 (5.7%) | 14 (4.8%) | 280 (5.5%) | 257 (5.5%) | 23 (5.4%) |
| (4) Regular hard physical training for competitive sports | 7 (0.2%) | 7 (0.2%) | 0 | 9 (0.2%) | 9 (0.2%) | 0 |
| Comorbidities | ||||||
| Diabetes mellitus 39a | 979 (19.5%) | 878 (19.1%) | 101 (23.7%) | 991 (19.6%) | 890 (19.2%) | 101 (23.6%) |
| Hypertension 47a | 2806 (55.9%) | 2563 (55.8%) | 243 (57.2%) | 2836 (56.0%) | 2591 (55.9%) | 245 (57.2%) |
| Atrial fibrillation 37a | 1377 (27.4%) | 1240 (26.9%) | 137 (32.2%) | 1387 (27.4%) | 1250 (27.0%) | 137 (32.0%) |
| Smoking 606a | 647 (14.5%) | 581 (14.2%) | 66 (17.7%) | 745 (14.7%) | 659 (14.2%) | 86 (20.1%) |
| Postural control, independent, in walking 10 m indoors 1543a | 1619 (46.0%) | 1589 (49.4%) | 30 (9.8%) | 2221 (43.8%) | 2162 (46.6%) | 59 (13.8%) |
| Postural control, independent, in sitting 1858a | 2714 (84.6%) | 2500 (85.6%) | 214 (74.3%) | 4153 (82.0%) | 3827 (82.5%) | 326 (76.2%) |
| Postural control, independent, in standing 1989a | 2234 (72.6%) | 2124 (76.0%) | 110 (39.1%) | 3414 (67.4%) | 3223 (69.5%) | 191 (44.6%) |
| Previous fall 2431a | 827 (31.4%) | 730 (30.0%) | 97 (48.7%) | 1933 (38.2%) | 1719 (37.1%) | 214 (50.0%) |
| Stroke-related arm or hand problem 1832a | 2197 (68.0%) | 1959 (66.5%) | 238 (82.9%) | 3370 (66.5%) | 3033 (65.4%) | 337 (78.7%) |
| Cognition (MoCA)—grouped | ||||||
| Normal capacity (MoCA score ≥ 26) | 606 (12.0%) | 587 (12.7%) | 19 (4.4%) | 1337 (26.4%) | 1273 (27.5%) | 64 (15.0%) |
| Impaired cognition (MoCA score < 26) | 1232 (24.3%) | 1096 (23.6%) | 136 (31.8%) | 3728 (73.6%) | 3364 (72.5%) | 364 (85.0%) |
| Not performed/unknown | 3227 (63.7%) | 2954 (63.7%) | 273 (63.8%) | |||
| Urinary catheter during hospital stay 394a | 910 (19.5%) | 780 (18.3%) | 130 (32.3%) | 998 (19.7%) | 861 (18.6%) | 137 (32.0%) |
| Urinary tract infection during hospital stay 83a | 484 (9.7%) | 407 (8.9%) | 77 (18.5%) | 506 (10.0%) | 425 (9.2%) | 81 (18.9%) |
| Length of stay (days) median (min–max) (IQR) | 8 (1; 147) (4; 16) | 7 (1; 147) (4; 14) | 20 (2; 91) (13; 29) | 8 (1; 147) (4; 16) | 7 (1; 147) (4; 14) | 20 (2; 91) (13; 29) |
For categorical variables, n (%) is presented.
For continuous variables, the median (min; max) and (Q1; Q3) are presented.
There was no imputation for the 490 individuals who did not have data on the type of stroke.
IQR interquartile range, NIHSS the National Institute of Health Stroke Scale, PT physical therapist, SGPALS the Saltin-Grimby Physical Activity Scale, MoCA the Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scale.
aIndicates the number of missing data before the imputation of missing data.
bIndicates the number of missing data after the process of data imputation.