Table 1.
Summary of subject demographics, clinical characteristics, and PET parameters.
| Normal weight (NW) | Overweight/obese (OW) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NWHC (n = 16) | NWPsy (n = 14) | OWHC (n = 12) | OWPsy (n = 28) | |
| Demographics | ||||
| Age (years), mean (SD) | 41.94 (4.00) | 40.77 (2.68) | 46.50 (5.03) | 37.46 (2.27) |
| Sex (female), n (%) | 10 (62.5) | 8 (57.1) | 5 (45.5) | 15 (51.7) |
| Race/ethnicity (non-white), n (%) | 7 (43.8) | 9 (64.3) | 7 (63.6) | 13 (44.8) |
| Clinical characteristics | ||||
| BMI (kg/m2), mean (SD) | 23.29 (0.32) | 22.16 (0.62) | 29.51 (0.84)a,*,** | 30.76 (0.88)a,*,** |
| Obese (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2), n (%) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 6 (54.5) | 12 (41.4) |
| Smoking status (smoker), n (%) | 3 (18.8) | 4 (28.6) | 0 (0.0) | 7 (24.1) |
| Diagnosis, n (%) | ||||
| Bipolar disorder (BP) | – | 2 (14.3) | – | 3 (10.3) |
| Major depressive disorder (MDD) | – | 7 (50.0) | – | 6 (20.7) |
| Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) | – | 1 (7.1) | – | 6 (21.43) |
| BP/PTSD | – | 0 (0.0) | – | 1 (3.4) |
| MDD/PTSD | – | 4 (28.6) | – | 11 (39.3) |
| MDD/PTSD/generalized anxiety disorder | – | 0 (0.0) | – | 1 (3.4) |
| Age of onset (years), mean (SD) | – | 23.11 (2.70) | – | 19.07 (2.15) |
| Psychiatric medications (any current), n (%) | – | 7 (50.0) | – | 8 (28.6) |
| HAMD-17 (total score), mean (SD) | 1.58 (1.70) | 16.16 (1.55)a,*,*** | 0.70 (1.87) | 14.53 (1.11)a,*,*** |
| PSWQ, mean (SD) | 35.92 (3.71) | 59.16 (3.39)a,*,*** | 31.61 (4.09) | 61.24 (2.42)a,*,*** |
| POMS total, mean (SD) | −2.24 (6.30) | 28.05 (5.69)a,*,*** | 0.14 (6.64) | 29.42 (4.12)a,*,*** |
| PET parameters | ||||
| Injected dose (MBq), mean (SD) | 538.95 (44.76) | 532.30 (47.70) | 662.66 (52.39) | 510.87 (34.04) |
| Injected mass (μg/kg), mean (SD) | 0.024 (0.003) | 0.022 (0.003) | 0.021 (0.003) | 0.015 (0.002) |
| Plasma-free fraction (fp), mean (SD) | 0.28 (0.007) | 0.29 (0.007) | 0.28 (0.008) | 0.27 (0.005) |
| Mean input function (SUV), mean (SD) | 0.221 (0.012) | 0.192 (0.013) | 0.275 (0.014)a,*,** | 0.259 (0.009)a,*,** |
NWHC normal weight mentally healthy control, NWPsy normal weight with any psychiatric morbidity, OWHC overweight/obese mentally healthy control, OWPsy overweight/obese with any psychiatric morbidity.
*p < 0.05 vs. NWHC.
**p < 0.05 vs. NWPsy.
***p < 0.05 vs. OWHC.
aUnivariate analysis correcting for age and sex, with post hoc tests correcting for multiple comparisons (Bonferroni).