Table 3.

Considerable properties of base fluid and nano sized particles at 293 K.

Thermophysical	$\rho \left({\text{kg/m}}^3\right)$	$c_p\left(\text{J/kg}\text{K}\right)$	$k\left(\text{W/m}\text{K}\right)$	$\sigma \left(\text{S/m}\right)$
Copper (Cu)	8933	385.0	401.00	5.96 × 107
Ethylene glycol (EG)	1110	22,000	0.253	5.5 × 10–6
Titanium dioxide (TiO2)	4250	686.2	8.953	2.38 × 106