Table 2.
Combined PET/MRI findings
| All patients (n = 42) | Cardiac sarcoidosis (n = 13) | Not cardiac sarcoidosis (n = 29) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cardiac MRI | ||||
| Left ventricle | ||||
| LVEDVi, ml/m2 | 89 ± 26 | 88 ± 18 | 90 ± 29 | 0.84 |
| LVEF, % | 52 ± 11 | 52 ± 12 | 52 ± 10 | 0.97 |
| LVMi, g/m2 | 50 ± 12 | 50 ± 13 | 51 ± 14 | 0.86 |
| Tissue characterization | ||||
| LGE presence, n (%) | 33 (79%) | 13 (100%) | 20 (69%) | 0.038 |
| LGE extent, number of segments | 4.7 ± 4.8 | 4.2 ± 2.4 | 4.9 ± 5.6 | 0.49 |
| Global native T1, ms | 1263 ± 73 | 1274 ± 74 | 1257 ± 73 | 0.49 |
| Regional native T1, ms | 1344 ± 91 | 1377 ± 58 | 1328 ± 100 | 0.040 |
| Elevated native T1, n (%) | 30 (73%) | 13 (100%) | 17 (61%) | 0.008 |
| Global ECV, % | 28 ± 6 | 28 ± 6 | 27 ± 6 | 0.73 |
| Regional ECV, % | 34 ± 8 | 38 ± 8 | 33 ± 8 | 0.044 |
| Elevated ECV, n (%) | 30 (73%) | 13 (100%) | 17 (61%) | 0.008 |
| Global native T2, ms | 40 ± 3 | 41 ± 2 | 39 ± 3 | 0.09 |
| Regional native T2, ms | 45 ± 5 | 46 ± 5 | 44 ± 5 | 0.045 |
| Elevated native T2, n (%) | 12 (29%) | 6 (46%) | 6 (21%) | 0.15 |
| MRI positive, n (%) | 33 (79%) | 13 (100%) | 20 (69%) | 0.038 |
| Extra-cardiac findings | ||||
| Pulmonary opacities, n (%) | 18 (43%) | 10 (77%) | 8 (28%) | 0.006 |
| Thoracic lymphadenopathy, n (%) | 16 (38%) | 9 (69%) | 7 (24%) | 0.014 |
| FDG-PET | ||||
| FDG-PET positive, n (%) | 18 (43%) | 9 (69%) | 9 (31%) | 0.041 |
| Focal pattern of uptake, n (%) | 17 (40%) | 8 (61%) | 9 (31%) | 0.09 |
| Focal on diffuse pattern of uptake, n (%) | 1 (2%) | 1 (7%) | 0 (0%) | 0.31 |
| Diffuse FDG uptake, n (%) | 1 (2%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (3%) | 0.99 |
| FDG-PET extent, number of segments | 2.4 ± 4.2 | 3.7 ± 4.9 | 1.9 ± 4.2 | 0.035 |
| CMV, cm3 | 23 ± 43 | 39 ± 43 | 15 ± 41 | 0.015 |
| Extra-cardiac FDG uptake typical of sarcoidosis, n (%) | 17 (40%) | 8 (62%) | 9 (31%) | 0.09 |
| Combined PET/MRI | ||||
| PET+ and/or MRI+, n (%) | 34 (81%) | 13 (100%) | 21 (72%) | 0.043 |
| PET−/MRI−, n (%) | 8 (19%) | 0 (0%) | 8 (28%) | 0.043 |
| PET+/MRI−, n (%) | 1 (2%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (3%) | 0.99 |
| PET−/MRI+, n (%) | 16 (38%) | 4 (31%) | 12 (41%) | 0.73 |
| PET+/MRI+, n (%) | 17 (40%) | 9 (69%) | 8 (27%) | 0.017 |
| Co-localized focal FDG uptake and LGE, n (%) | 16 (38%) | 9 (69%) | 7 (24%) | 0.014 |
| Co-localized focal FDG uptake and high T1, n (%) | 16 (38%) | 9 (69%) | 7 (24%) | 0.014 |
| Co-localized focal FDG uptake and high T2, n (%) | 11 (26%) | 6 (46%) | 5 (17%) | 0.07 |
Variables are presented as mean ± standard deviation or number with percentage in parentheses. P values are for the comparison between patients with cardiac sarcoidosis and those without
PET was considered positive (+) if the pattern of FDG uptake was focal or focal on diffuse. MRI was considered positive (+) if LGE was present or if native T1, T2 or ECV were elevated
LV Left ventricle, LVEDVi indexed left ventricular end-diastolic volume, LVESVi indexed left ventricular end-systolic volume, LVEF left ventricular ejection fraction, LVCO left ventricular cardiac output, LVMi indexed left ventricular mass, RV right ventricle, RVEDVi indexed right ventricular end-diastolic volume, RVESVi indexed right ventricular end-systolic volume, RVEF right ventricular ejection fraction, RVCO right ventricular cardiac output, LGE late gadolinium enhancement, ECV extracellular volume, MRI magnetic resonance imaging, FDG fluorodeoxyglucose, PET positron emission tomography